Parts of cell membrane Flashcards
What are the three sections of the cell?
All cells take in food, get rid waste, and reproduce
1-plasma membrane
2- nucleus
3- cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Jelly-like material inside of the cell
Job-help dissolve solutes & move materials around
Plasma membrane
Bilayer of lipids & proteins
Job- allow materials to enter/exit
Semi permeable- only specific materials may enter and exit through pores & protein channels
Nucleus
Job- controls cell activity
Inside:
chromatin are long strands of DNA, holds info to make proteins
Nucleolus- makes ribosomes
What are the two kinds of endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Receives ribosomes from the nucleus
Job- tunnel system that transports protein making ribosomes
Smooth ER
Not cover in ribosomes
Job-makes fats & breaks down toxins
Ribosomes
Created by nucleous
Transported by the rough ER
Job- make proteins
Golgi body
Job- receives and modifies, sorts, & packages protein
Proteins releases inside a protective vesicles
Describe the protein shipment
1-nucleolus makes ribosomes
2-ribosomes travels through rough ER making proteins
3-protein is brought to the Golgi body by a protective vesicle. Then the Golgi body sorts & packages the protein.
4- vesicle release the protein from the cell
Which organelles builds proteins?
Ribosome
Stores DNA?
Nucleus
Produces ribosomes?
Nucleolus
Creates fats and breaks down toxins?
Smooth ER
Packages and release proteins from a cell?
Golgi body
Allows materials to enter/exit a cell?
Cell membrane
Links chains of amino acids together?
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Job- create ATP (energy molecule) in a process called cellular respiration
Endosymbiosis theory; once free living organisms that became parts of modern cells
Evidence
Own DNA and ribosomes
Make proteins
Replicate
Lysosome
Contains digestive enzymes
Jobs
Break down food
Kill pathogens
Autolysis- destroy dying cell
Cilia & flagella
Job- movement
Cilia- short hair like extensions (numerous)
Flagella- long whip like extensions (very few)
Cell wall
Outermost layer of plant, fungi and bacteria cells
Job- adds support for growth
Made of tough cellulose- hard to digest
Chloroplast
Job- perform photosynthesis
Chlorophyll molecules absorb sunlight & concert water and CO2 info sugars
Vacuole
Job- stores food, water, waste, color pigments
Plant cells: large central vacuole
Animal cells: scattered smaller vacuoles
What are the two types of cells?
Prokaryotic (bacteria and archaea) & Eukaryotic (plants and animals, fungi)
Cytosol
Fluid inside the cell membrane
Centriole
Spindle
