Parts of a plant

Question 1

What are the four basic tissues of a stem?

Answer 1

Epidermal tissue
Vascular tissue
Ground tissues
Meristematic tissue

Question 2

What distinguishes a young stem from a adult stem in regards to the epidermis?

Answer 2

The epidermis of the young stem is one cell thick and transparent with hair like projections

Question 3

What are the hair like projections on the epidermis of a young cell called and what are its functions?

Answer 3

It is called the trichome. It acts as protection for the plants and prevents it from being fed upon by external herbivores.

Question 4

What are the vascular bundles made up of and where are each of its components situated?

Answer 4

Xylem(internally towards the centre)

Phloem(located towards the outside)

Question 5

What is each bundle surrounded by and what are its functions?

Answer 5

Each bundle is surrounded by a layer of sclerenchyma cells and they provide strength and mechanical support

Question 6

What is found between the xylem and phloem of each vascular bundle and what are its functions?

Answer 6

A layer of meristematic cells known as the vascular cambium is found between them and it undergoes cell division to give rise to the secondary xylem and phloem during secondary growth

Question 7

Do monocots and dicots both have vascular cambium s? Give a reason for your answer

Answer 7

Monocots do not contain Vascular cambium s because they do not undergo secondary growth

Question 8

How are the vascular bundles arranged in both the monocot and the dicot?

Answer 8

In monocots the vascular bundles are scattered
Whereas in dicots the vascular bundles are arranged in a ring formation
In the ground tissue

Question 9

Where is the ground tissue located and what is it made of?

Answer 9

The ground tissue is located between the epidermis and the ring of vascular bundles and it is mostly made up of parenchyma cells

Question 10

How are piths formed in a dicotyledonous plant and what are its functions?

Answer 10

Piths are formed by the soft spongy parenchyma cells located at the centre of the stem surrounded by a ring of vascular bundles. It acts as a storage organ

Question 11

The epidermis is divided into two. Name them and give there functions

Answer 11

The upper epidermis(protects the upper part of the leaf)
Lower epidermis(protects the lower part of the leaf?

Question 12

Whate are the functions of the leaf and how is it structured to accommodate these functions?

Answer 12

The primary function of the leaf is photosynthesis and it is the main organ for gaseous exchange in the plant.
That’s why it is structured to promote the acquisition of raw materials for ohotosynthesis

Question 13

List the three regions observed in the transverse section of the leaf

Answer 13

Epidermis
Vein
Mesophyll

Question 14

Briefly described the epidermis

Answer 14

The epidermis is a single layer of cell surrounding the entire surface of the leaf.

It is tightly parked together and contains almost no chloroplasts except in the guard cells surrounding the stomata

Question 15

What are the different forms in which stomata can be arranged in plants?

Answer 15

Lilies- the upper epidermis
Corn- upper and lower epidermis
Aquatic- not at all

Question 16

What is the function of the epidermis?

Answer 16

The main function of the epidermis is the secrete the waxy cuticle to provide protection and to prevent loss of water from the internal parts of the leaf

Question 17

What is the function of the guard cells and how does it go about it?

Answer 17

The main function of the guard cells is to open and close the stomata.

When it becomes turgid it pulls the stomata walls apart opening the stomata
And when it is flaccid it closes the stomata

Question 18

Where is the site for photosynthesis?

Answer 18

Mesophyll layer

Question 19

What is the mesophyll differentiated in and briefly explain them?

Answer 19

Into the Spongy and Palisade mesophyll layer

Palisade- tightly parked together with little of no air space. Contains most of the chloroplast in the leaf.

Spongy- loosely parked together, allows gaseous exchange(CO2)

Question 20

Briefly write a short note in the vein of the leaf

Answer 20

it forms then main network of the leaf. It contains both xylem and phloem cells. surrounded by a layer of parenchyma cells known as the BUNDLE SHEATH

Question 21

Give the functions of the root

Answer 21

1. It anchors the plant into the ground
2. It absorbed nutrients and water from the soil
3. It transfers these nutrients to the base of the tree
4. it acts as a storage organ

Question 22

What are the four regions of growth in the root?

Answer 22

1. The root cap
2. The zone of elongation
3. the meristematic zone or the zone of cell division
4. The zone of maturity or the zone of differentiation

Question 23

Give a list of all the areas parenchyma cells are present throughout the plant

Answer 23

The root cap
Ground tissue
Vein
Pith

Question 24

What are the functions of the root cap?

Answer 24

1. It protects them delicate parts above it

Question 25

What does the root cap secrete and what are its functions?

Answer 25

It secretes a substance known as mucilage which is slimy by nature and allows the root took be in contact with the soil
2. It also allows the growth of beneficial bacteria for added nutrients supply