PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL

Question 1

is found outside the cell membrane
and surrounds the cell.

Answer 1

Cell Wall

Question 2

3 examples that have cell walls.

Answer 2

Plants, Bacteria, Fungi

Question 3

In plants,
the wall is comprised of ______.

Answer 3

cellulose

Question 4

What is the main function of the cell wall?

Answer 4

to protect the inner parts
of the plant cell and gives plant
cells a more regular shape and provides
support for the plant body.

Question 5

The cell membrane is
composed of a double layer
(bilayer) of special lipids
(fats) called _______.

Answer 5

phospholipids

Question 6

Phospholipids consist of
___________
head and a __________ tail.

Answer 6

hydrophilic and a hydrophobic

Question 7

what is the hydrophobic head of the
phospholipid?

Answer 7

is polar and can therefore dissolve in water.

Question 8

The hydrophobic tail is __________.

Answer 8

non-polar and cannot dissolve in water

Question 9

It is the jelly-like substance
that fills the cell.

Answer 9

Cytoplasm

Question 10

The Cytoplasm consists of up to __% water, __________ and ______________.

Answer 10

90%, dissolved nutrients, waste products

Question 11

what is the main function of the Cytoplasm?

Answer 11

to hold together the organelles and
nourishes the cell by
supplying it with salts and
sugars and provides a
medium for metabolic
reactions to occur.

Question 12

what is largest organelle in the cell?

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

It controls all activities of the
cell.

Answer 13

Nucleus

Question 13

It controls all activities of the
cell.

Answer 13

Nucleus

Question 14

contains all the
cell’s genetic information in
the form of DNA.

Answer 14

Nucleus

Question 15

The Nucleus is composed of __________, ___________, ___________, ___________.

Answer 15

nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, chromatin, and nucleolus

Question 16

Mitochondria contains two phospholipid
bilayers: which are?

Answer 16

outer membrane, inner membrane.

Question 17

The inner
membrane contains many
folds called cristae Inside
the inner membrane is a
jelly-like matrix. True or False?

Answer 17

True

Question 18

It provides chemical energy
to the cell.

Answer 18

Mitochondria

Question 19

has a double
membrane consisting of a
network of hollow tubes,
flattened sheets, and round
sacs.

Answer 19

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 20

It does not have any
ribosomes attached

Answer 20

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 21

It is involved in the
synthesis of lipids,
including oils,
phospholipids and
steroids.

Answer 21

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 22

is covered with ribosomes
giving the endoplasmic
reticulum its rough
appearance.

Answer 22

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 23

It is responsible for protein
synthesis and plays a role
in membrane production.

Answer 23

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 24

They are composed of RNA and protein.
They occur in the cytoplasm.

Answer 24

Ribosomes

Question 25

They are the sites where
protein synthesis occurs.

Answer 25

Ribosomes

Question 26

is found near the nucleus
and endoplasmic reticulum.
consists of a stack of flat membrane-
bound sacs called cisternae.

Answer 26

Golgi Body

Question 27

is the
sorting organelle of the
cell.

Answer 27

The Golgi body is the
sorting organelle of the
cell.

Question 28

They are formed by the
Golgi body and contain
powerful digestive enzymes
that can potentially digest
the cell.

Answer 28

Lysosomes

Question 29

These powerful enzymes
can digest cell structures
and food molecules such
as carbohydrates and
proteins.

Answer 29

Lysosomes

Question 30

They are membrane-
bound, fluid-filled organelles
that occur in the cytoplasm
of most plant cells.

Answer 30

Vacuole

Question 31

plays an important role in
digestion and excretion of
cellular waste and storage
of water and organic and
inorganic substances

Answer 31

Vacuole

Question 32

It is a cylindrical tube-like
structure that is composed
of 9 microtubules arranged
in a very particular pattern.

Answer 32

Centrioles

Question 33

They are responsible for
organizing the
microtubules that position
the chromosomes in the
correct location during cell
division.

Answer 33

Centrioles

Question 34

organelles found
only in plants.

Answer 34

Plastids

Question 35

There are three
different types of plastids

Answer 35

Leucoplasts, Chloroplasts, Chromoplasts

Question 36

White plastids
found in roots.

Answer 36

Leucoplasts

Question 37

Green-coloured
plastids found in plants and
algae.

Answer 37

Chloroplasts

Question 38

Contain red,
orange or yellow pigments and
are common in ripening fruit,
flowers or autumn leaves.

Answer 38

Chromoplasts