Parts and function of the cell

Question 1

Parts of the bacterial cell

Answer 1

cell wall and membrane, ribosomes, cell envelope, nucleoid, pili, flagella

Question 2

Cell wall function and composition

Answer 2

Made of carbohydrates and proteins. Function as mechanical support

Question 3

Cell membrane function and composition

Answer 3

Made of lipid and protein. Acts as a permeability barrier.

Question 4

Nucleoid function and composition

Answer 4

Made of DNA and protein. Functions as storage of genetic information

Question 5

Ribosome function and composition

Answer 5

Made of RNA and protein. Functions in protein synthesis

Question 6

Pili function and composition

Answer 6

Made of protein. Involved in adhesion and conjugation

Question 7

Flagella function and composition

Answer 7

Made of protein. Involved in motility.

Question 8

Cytoplasm function and composition

Answer 8

Made of an aqueous solution. Site of metabolism

Question 9

Parts of the eukaryotic cell

Answer 9

membrane-bound nuclei, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and lysosomes.

Question 10

Membrane-bound nucleus function

Answer 10

protection of DNA and site of metabolism. Allows imports/exports via nuclear membrane pores.

Question 11

Energy in mitochondria vs chloroplasts

Answer 11

Mitochondria - energy in plants, animals, fungi
Chloroplasts - energy in plants

Question 12

Lysosomes function

Answer 12

Digestion/degradation of intracellular debris. “Trashcan”

Question 13

Parts of the animal cell

Answer 13

Ribosomes, peroxisomes, cytoskeleton, lysosome, golgi complex, SER, nucleus/chromatin, RER, mitochondria, plasma membrane, nuclear envelope,

Question 14

parts of the plant cell

Answer 14

cell wall, glyoxysome, plasmodesma, vacuole, thykaloids, starch granule, chloroplasts, plasma membrane, mitochondria, RER, SER, Nucleolus, nuclear membrane, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, golgi complex

Question 15

peroxisome function

Answer 15

oxidize fatty acids

Question 16

transport vesicles function

Answer 16

shuttle lipids and proteins between ER, golgi, and plasma membrane

Question 17

golgi complex function

Answer 17

process, package, and targets proteins to organelles or for export

Question 18

SER function

Answer 18

site of lipid synthesis and drug metabolism

Question 19

mitochondria function

Answer 19

oxidizes fuel to produce ATP

Question 20

nuclear envelope function

Answer 20

segregates chromatin from the cytoplasm

Question 21

Parts of the chromatin

Answer 21

protein and DNA

Question 22

chloroplasts function

Answer 22

harvests sunlight produces ATP and carbohydrates

Question 23

starch granule function

Answer 23

the temporary storage of carbohydrate products of photosynthesis.

Question 24

thylakoid function

Answer 24

site of light-driven ATP synthesis

Question 25

vacuole function

Answer 25

degrades and recycles macromolecules. storage for metabolites.

Question 26

plasmodesma function

Answer 26

provides a pathway between plant cells

Question 27

glyoxysome function

Answer 27

contains enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle