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ZOOLOGY (Lab) > Parts and Function of an animal cell > Flashcards

Parts and Function of an animal cell Flashcards

1
Q

the functional unit of life, in which all the chemical reactions necessary for the maintenance and reproduction of life takes place

A

The Cell

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2
Q

Who is the scientist?

examined thin slices of cork and saw a network of tiny boxlike compartments

Micrographia
“cells”
“cellula” meaning “little room”

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

Who is the scientist?

cells arose only by the
division of other, preexisting cells.

A

Rudolf Virchow

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4
Q

Who is the scientist?
all plant tissues are
composed of cells and that an embryonic plant always arises from a single cell

A

Matthias Schleiden

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5
Q

The scientist that says:
All organisms consist of
one or more cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organis

A

Theodor Schwann

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6
Q

What is Cytology?

A

It is a branch of biology that deal with the structure, function, multiplication, pathology, and life history of cells

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7
Q

the living substance of the cell

A

Protoplasm

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8
Q

2 compartments:

A

cytoplasm
karyoplasm

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9
Q

What are the 3 basic parts of eukaryotic cell?

A

Plasma Membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

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10
Q

The Different Parts of an Animal Cell
Give the 9

A

Nucleus
ER
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Centrioles
Cytoskeleton
Peroxisomes
Ribosomes

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11
Q

a large rounded or oval structure
command center of the cell.

A

Nucleus

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12
Q

double-layered membrane
has tiny holes and nuclear lamina
it disintegrates during cell division

A

Nuclear Envelope

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13
Q

mass of DNA and its associated proteins
chromatin fibers take on different forms inside the nucleus

A

Chromatin or Chromosomes

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14
Q

a membrane-less organelle within the nucleus that manufactures ribosomes

A

Nucleoli

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15
Q

network of flattened sacs and branching tubules
connected to the nuclear envelope provides a pipeline between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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16
Q

synthesis of lipid substances

A

SER(smooth endoplasmic reticulum)

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17
Q

other name for Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Agranular Endoplasmic Reticulum

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18
Q

Other name for Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Granular Endoplasmic Reticulum

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19
Q

composed of ribosomes involved in the synthesis of protei

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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20
Q

the distribution and shipping department for the cell’s chemical products.
modifies proteins and lipids and prepares them for

A

Golgi Apparatus

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21
Q

rod-shaped organelles the power generators of the cell

A

Mitochondria

22
Q

digestion compartments for cellular materials that are no longer useful
spherical organelles contained by a single layer membrane

A

Lysosomes

23
Q

recycle the cell’s organic material

A

Autophagy

24
Q

found only in animal cells
located together near the nucleus in the centrosome

A

Centrioles

25
Q

centrioles are duplicated Centrosome divides and the pairs are split up

A

Interphase

26
Q

centrioles are duplicated Centrosome divides and the pairs are split up

A

Interphase

27
Q

Gives structure and shape to a cell

A

Cytoskeleton

28
Q

serve as conveyor belts moving other organelles

A

Microtubule

29
Q

help to generate the forces used in cellular contraction and basic cell movements.

A

Microfilaments

30
Q

function as tension-bearing elements to help maintain cell shape and rigidity.

A

Intermediate filaments

31
Q

It contains a variety of enzymes, like catalase which primarily function to get rid of the cell of toxic substances, and in particular, hydrogen peroxide (a common byproduct of cellular metabolism).

A

Peroxisomes

32
Q

considered various nutrients or pigments that can be found within the cell, but do not have activity like other organelles.

A

Cell inclusions

33
Q

long-term storage unit of glucose within the cell

A

Glycogen

34
Q

Melanin is a brown pigment in hair and skin and is contained in melanosomes.
These are produced by specialized cells called melanocytes

A

Pigments

35
Q

is a brown pigment that contains iron.

A

Hemosiderin

36
Q

Excessive hemosiderin accumulation may indicate an

A

increase in hemolysis of red blood cells.

37
Q

The Blood Components

A

The red blood cells (erythrocytes)
White blood cell (leukocytes)
Platelets or thrombocytes
Plasma

38
Q

take nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the parts of the body that need it.

A

Plasma

39
Q

take up oxygen from the lungs and deliver it to the tissues

A

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

40
Q

These are nucleated and independently motile. As a group they are involved in the body’s defense mechanisms and reparative activity.

A

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

41
Q

First to respond to bacterias

A

Neutrophils

42
Q

known for their role in allergy symptoms

A

Eosinophils

43
Q

know for heir role in asthma

A

Basophils

44
Q

Clean up dead cells

A

Monocyte

45
Q

Fights infection by producing antibodies

A

Lymphocytes

46
Q

responsible for hemostasis, thrombosis, and wound healing

A

platelets

47
Q

are the garbage trucks of the immune system. Around 5% to 12% of white blood cells in your bloodstream are
. Their most important function is to clean up dead cells in the body

A

Monocytes

48
Q

helps the body fight disease and infection. Your immune system is made up of an intricate web of immune cells, lymph nodes, lymph tissue and lymphatic organs.
play a key role in the effectiveness of many current vaccines. In some cases, such as tuberculosis and pertussis vaccines, T lymphocytes are the main players.

A

Lymphocytes

49
Q

works closely with your immune system to defend your body from allergens, pathogens and parasites.
release enzymes to improve blood flow and prevent blood clots.

A

Basophils

50
Q

also play a role in fighting off bacteria. They are very important in responding to parasitic infections (such as worms) as well.

A

Eosinophils

51
Q

make up roughly half of the white blood cell population. They are usually the first cells of the immune system to respond to invaders such as bacteria or viruses.
As first responders, they also send out signals alerting other cells in the immune system to come to the scene.

A

Neutrophils

ZOOLOGY (Lab) (2 decks)

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