Partie 2

Question 1

What is the role of NAD in cellular processes?

Answer 1

NAD acts as a coenzyme that facilitates redox reactions in metabolism.

NAD stands for Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which is crucial for energy production and metabolic pathways.

Question 2

Fill in the blank: The chemical formula for ATP is _______.

Answer 2

C10H16N5O13P3

ATP stands for Adenosine triphosphate, the primary energy carrier in cells.

Question 3

What does CoA stand for and what is its function?

Answer 3

CoA stands for Coenzyme A, which plays a key role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids and the metabolism of carbohydrates.

CoA is essential for the formation of acetyl-CoA, a critical molecule in energy production.

Question 4

True or False: The process of glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria.

Answer 4

False

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell, while the mitochondria are involved in later stages of cellular respiration.

Question 5

What are the products of glycolysis?

Answer 5

The products of glycolysis are:
* 2 ATP
* 2 NADH
* 2 pyruvate

Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The process by which glucose is converted into pyruvate is called _______.

Answer 6

glycolysis

Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, meaning it does not require oxygen.

Question 7

What is the significance of FADH2 in cellular respiration?

Answer 7

FADH2 is a key electron carrier that transports electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.

FADH2 is produced during the Krebs cycle and contributes to the generation of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 8

What is the main function of the electron transport chain?

Answer 8

The electron transport chain produces ATP through oxidative phosphorylation by transferring electrons and pumping protons across the mitochondrial membrane.

This process generates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The Krebs cycle occurs in the _______ of the cell.

Answer 9

mitochondria

The Krebs cycle, or citric acid cycle, is a key metabolic pathway that generates energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.

Question 10

What is the primary purpose of fermentation?

Answer 10

The primary purpose of fermentation is to regenerate NAD+ from NADH, allowing glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen.

Fermentation produces small amounts of ATP and various byproducts, such as lactic acid or ethanol.

Question 11

True or False: All living organisms perform cellular respiration.

Answer 11

False

Some organisms, like certain bacteria, can perform fermentation instead of cellular respiration.