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My Higher Physics > Particles And Waves > Flashcards

Particles And Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What makes up hadrons ?

A

Quarks

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2
Q

What are baryons made up of ?

A

3 quarks eg protons,neutrons

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3
Q

Mesons are made up of ?

A

2 quarks (a quark and an anti-quark) eg pions, kaons

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4
Q

A strong force holds ?

A

quarks together and also holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus

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5
Q

Beta decay is caused by ?

A

The weak force and is evidence of the neutrino

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6
Q

Anti-matter particles are identical to ?

A

Their corresponding matter particles except charge

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7
Q

Matter + corresponding anti-matter=

A

Annihilation

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8
Q

Electric field lines point

A

From positive to negative

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9
Q

A charged particle will accelerate in an electric field because ?

A

It’s experiences an unbalanced force

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10
Q

Gain in kinetic energy =

A

Work done by electric field

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11
Q

Like charges

A

Repel

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12
Q

Opposite charges

A

Attract

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13
Q

Potential difference (voltage)

A

Is the number of joules of energy per coulomb of charge

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14
Q

A moving charges particle

A

Will produce a magnetic field

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15
Q

Magnetic field

A

Lines point from north to south

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16
Q

Nuclear fission

A

Big nucleus splitting into smaller parts

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17
Q

Induced/ simulated fission

A

Usually caused by neutron bombardment

18
Q

Spontaneous fission

A

Random event, no external trigger

19
Q

Nuclear fusion

A

Smaller parts combining to make a more massive nucleus

20
Q

The products of a nuclear reaction have

A

Less mass than the particles did before

21
Q

The high temperatures required in a fusion reactor lead to

A

Coolant and containment issues

22
Q

The photoelectric effect is proof that

A

Light is a partial

23
Q

Interference is the proof that

A

Light is a wave

24
Q

The work function of a metal is

A

The minimum energy required to cause photoemission

25
Q

The threshold

A

Minimum frequency of incident to cause photoemission

26
Q

Constructive interference is when?

A

Two coherent waves meet in phase (ie crest meets crest and trough meets trough) they combine to produce a maximum

27
Q

Destructive interference is when

A

Two coherent waves meet exactly out of phase (ie crest meets trough and trough meets crest) the cancel out producing a minimum

28
Q

Path difference is

A

The difference in the length of two paths the waves take

29
Q

0,1,2,3 wave difference

A

Maxima / constructive interference

30
Q

1/2, 1^1/2, 2^1/2 wavelength difference

A

Minima / destructive interference

31
Q

In terms of diffraction grating D is

A

The spacing between consecutive lines ie 300 lines per mum means d=1/300 000m

32
Q

In terms of diffraction grating theta is

A

The angle between the centre maximum and the maximum you are considering

33
Q

Absolute refractive index of a medium is

A

The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium

34
Q

The critical angle of a medium is

A

The angle of incidence inside the medium which results in a refracted angle of 90° in a vacuum

35
Q

Total internal reflection occurs when

A

The angle of incidence inside the medium is greater that the critical angle

36
Q

Irradiance of radiation is

A

The power per unit area ie the number of watts per square metre incident on a surface

37
Q

From a point force

A

Irradiance follows the inverse square law ie if the distance is doubled (x2) then the irradiance will quarter

38
Q

Line emission spectra are produced as

A

Each electron that falls from a high energy level to a lower level will result in specific energy and therefore frequency/wavelength/colour of photon

39
Q

Absorption spectra occurs when

A

The atoms absorb specific energies of photons and the electrons move up to the relevant levels.

40
Q

Coherent waves mean

A

Constant phase difference (same frequency)

My Higher Physics (3 decks)

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