Particles and waves

Question 1

Baryons

Answer 1

Made of 3 quarks

Is a hadron

Question 2

Mesons

Answer 2

Made of 2 quarks

Is a hadron

Question 3

Hadrons

Answer 3

Composed of quarks
Two types: baryons
Mesons

Question 4

Bosons

Answer 4

Force carrier

Question 5

Photon

Answer 5

Electromagnetic force Carrier

Question 6

Gluon

Answer 6

Strong nuclear force carrier

Acts between quarks to keep neutrons in the nucleus

Question 7

W & Z bosons

Answer 7

Weak nuclear force carrier

Responsible for radioactive decay

Question 8

Quarks

Answer 8

Up Charm Top

Down Strange Bottom

Question 9

Leptons

Answer 9

Electron Muon Tau

Electron Neutrino Muon neutrino Tau neutrino

Question 10

Fermions

Answer 10

All matter / particles

Question 11

Alpha decay

Answer 11

Atomic number of parent nucleus reduces by 2
Mass number of parent nucleus reduces by 4
Alpha particle emitted

Question 12

Symbol for the nucleus of an atom

Answer 12

/mass number (number of protons and neutrons)
A
X
Z
\atomic number(number of protons)

Question 13

Beta decay

Answer 13

beta particle(Electron) emitted
A neutron in the nucleus changes to a proton
(Due to an up quark changing to a down quark)
Anti-neutrino emitted
Atomic number is increased by 1
Mass number unchanged

Question 14

α

Answer 14

Alpha particle
4
He (helium)
2

Question 15

-

β

Answer 15

Beta particle
0
e
-1

Question 16

Gamma decay

Answer 16

Alpha and beta often accompanied by gamma radiation
Type of electromagnetic radiation
Produced due to redistribution of charge in the nucleus
Gamma radiation often emitted after alpha and beta as nucleus left in excited state(high energy)
Atomic and mass number unaffected as gamma is a wave

Question 17

γ

Answer 17

Gamma particle

Photon

Question 18

Spontaneous decay

Answer 18

Heavy nucleus splints into 2 lighter nuclei
Free neutrons produced
More neutrons than nuclei produced so chain reaction occurs