Particles and radiation Flashcards
Define an isotope
Isotopes are forms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Define an ion
When the number of protons is not equal to the number of electrons.
What is a positively charged ion?
When an ion has more protons than electrons
What is a negatively charged ion?
When an ion has more electrons than protons
What is the equation for specific charge?
charge / mass
what quick method can be used when comparing the specific charge different nuclei?
proton number / number of nucleons
Describe the family tree of particles and antiparticles
Particles
Hadrons and Leptons
Hadrons - Mesons and Baryons
Give some examples of leptons
Electron
Muon
Neutrino
Give some examples of mesons
Pion
Kaon
Give some examples of baryons
Proton
Neutron
Particles consisting of three quarks are called….
Baryons
What are mesons composed of?
Mesons are made of a quark-antiquark pair
What are the four fundamental forces
Electromagnetic force
Gravitational force
Weak nuclear force
Strong nuclear force
Properties of an alpha particle
low penetrating power
highly ionising
Properties of a beta particle
greater penetrating power than an alpha particle
somewhat strongly ionising
