Particles

Question 1

What is the definition of an isotope?

Answer 1

An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 2

What is the nucleon number?

Answer 2

the total number of of protons and neutrons

Question 3

what is the proton number?

Answer 3

the total number of protons

Question 4

what is specific charge?

Answer 4

the charge mass ratio of a particle0

measured in C/Kg

Question 5

Describe the nature of an alpha particle

Answer 5

a helium nucleus

Question 6

state four neutrinos

Answer 6

electron, muon, electron neutrino, muon neutrino

Question 7

Define Hadron

Answer 7

a Hadron is a particle that feels the strong force

Question 8

Define Baryon

Answer 8

A hadron containing 3 quarks

Question 9

Define meson

Answer 9

A hadron containing a quark and an anti-quark

Question 10

describe the quark structure of a proton and neutron

Answer 10

proton: uud
neutron: udd

Question 11

give the quark structure of a pion+ and pion-

Answer 11

pion+:ud’

pion-:du’

Question 12

describe the range of the strong nuclear force

Answer 12

Attractive between 0.5 and 3fm, and overcomes the electrostatic repulsion between protons in that range.
At less than 0.5fm, its very repulsive

Question 13

what are the exchange particles for weak nuclear force

Answer 13

W+ and W-

Question 14

what force allows for a change in strangeness of quarks?

Answer 14

weak nuclear force

Question 15

describe electron capture through an equation

Answer 15

p + e- –> n+Ve

Question 16

describe positron decay

Answer 16

p –> n+ e+ +Ve

Question 17

give an equation describing the energy of particles in pair production

Answer 17

2E(0)=2E(min) = 2hf(min)
as protons and anti-protons meet releasing photons.
E(0) is rest energy of particles
E(min) is the minimum energy of the photons
h is planks constant
f is min frequency of photons