particles Flashcards
what is density
how much mass (matter) is in a unit volume
what is density measured in
kg/m3
which state has the highest density
solids
which state has the lowest density
gases
what equipment measures mass
balance or scales
how can you measure the volume of an irregular shape
use a eureka can (displacement can) or a measuring cylinder. find the change in volume when placing the object into water.
what happens to the volume of a solution when a solute is added and dissolves in it
the volume remains the same
name the process of a solid to a liquid and the reverse
melting and freezing (solidifying)
name the process of a liquid to a gas and the reverse
evaporating (boiling) and condensation
what’s the difference between evaporating and boiling
boiling happens at the boiling temperature whereas evaporation can happen at lower temperatures
what’s the process of a solid changing directly into a gas
sublimation
what two forms of energy make up internal energy
kinetic (temperature) and protentional (state change)
what two effects can heat energy have on an object
raise its temperature and change its state
what is specific heat capacity
how much heat energy is need to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 degree
what is latent heat
how much energy is needed to change the state of 1 kg of the substance
what are the two types of latent heat
fusion ( solid to liquid) vaporisation (liquid to gas)
what is Brownian motion
the motion of particles in a gas is said to be in constant random motion
what causes pressure by a gas
the collisions of the particles provide a force over an area
how is pressure effected by temperature
as temperature increase so does pressure
what happens to the pressure if the gas is compressed (volume decrease)
if the volume decrease the pressure increase
what happens to a gas if work is done to it
work is energy so if work is done on a gas it gains internal energy and its temperature, pressure or volume will increase
