Particles

Question 1

が - ねこがいる There is a cat

Answer 1

Marks the subject / Emphasizes new info

Question 2

は - わたしは学生です I am a student

Answer 2

Marks the topic / Shows contrast

Question 3

を - 本を読みます I read a book

Answer 3

Marks the direct object of a verb

Question 4

に - 学校に行きます I go to school

Answer 4

Marks time

Question 5

へ - 日本へ行きます I am going to Japan

Answer 5

Indicates direction or destination

Question 6

で - 図書館で勉強します I study at the library

Answer 6

Marks where an action happens or how it’s done

Question 7

と - りんごとバナナを食べます I eat apples and bananas

Answer 7

Connects nouns as “and” / Used for quoting or companions

Question 8

や - 本や雑誌を読みます I read books and magazines

Answer 8

Connects nouns as “and” but implies an incomplete list

Question 9

も - わたしも学生です I am also a student

Answer 9

Means “also” or “too”

Question 10

の - わたしの本です This is my book

Answer 10

Shows possession or noun modification (“of”)

Question 11

から - 朝から勉強します I study from the morning

Answer 11

Indicates “from” (time/place) / “because”

Question 12

まで - 夜まで働きます I work until night

Answer 12

Indicates “until” (time/place)

Question 13

だけ - 水だけ飲みます I only drink water

Answer 13

Means “only” or “just”

Question 14

しか - 水しか飲みません I only drink water

Answer 14

Means “only” but with negatives

Question 15

より - 犬より猫のほうが好きです I like cats more than dogs

Answer 15

Used for comparisons (“than”)

Question 16

ほど - 夏ほど暑くないです It’s not as hot as summer

Answer 16

Used for comparisons (“not as much as”)

Question 17

か - コーヒーかお茶を飲みます I will drink coffee or tea

Answer 17

Marks a question / Used for “or”

Question 18

ね - 寒いね It’s cold

Answer 18

isn’t it?

Question 19

よ - これはおいしいよ This is delicious

Answer 19

you know!

Question 20

な - うるさいな So noisy…

Answer 20

Casual sentence-ending particle (used mostly by men)