Particles

Question 1

で

Answer 1

Location: Indicates the place where an action takes place.

Question 2

に

Answer 2

Direction or arrival: Indicates the direction of movement or the arrival point.

Location: Indicates the location where something exists.

Time: Indicates the time when an action takes place.

Question 3

を

Answer 3

Direct Object: Indicates the direct object of a sentence, or the thing that is acted upon by the verb.

Question 4

が

Answer 4

Subject: が is placed after a noun to indicate that the noun is the subject of the sentence.

Question Words: Can be used to refer to a question word, such as “who,” “what,” or “where”.

Emphasis: Can be used to emphasize the subject or distinguish it from other subjects.

Question 5

と

Answer 5

And: Can be used to connect two or more nouns.

With: Can be used to mean “with”.

Question 6

や

Answer 6

Connecting nouns: Connects two or more nouns to suggest that the list is incomplete. For example, pen ya hon means “pens and books”. To list more items, repeat ya.

Expressing “and” or “such as” (for example):It is similar to the English words “and” or “such as”. For example, ringo ya banana o kaimashita means “I bought apples and bananas, among other things”.

Question 7

か

Answer 7

Question: To ask a question in Japanese, add か to the end of a sentence.

Alternatives: Can also be used to express alternatives, similar to “either … or …”.

Question 8

は

Answer 8

Topic: Marks the topic of a sentence, or the word that will be the focus of the following phrase or conversation.

How it’s different from が: は is used to mark something that has already been introduced into the conversation, or is familiar with both a speaker and a listener. が is used when a situation or happening is just noticed or newly introduced.

Question 9

の

Answer 9

Possession: Indicates possession.

Question 10

へ

Answer 10

Goal of Movement: Indicates a destination or direction, and puts more emphasis on the journey than the destination itself.