Particle physics Flashcards
Gluon gauge boson - type of force and particles affected:
Strong force - hadrons
What are gauge bosons
Force carriers (only energy, disappear once energy has been transferred.
Photon gauge boson - type of force and particles affected
EM - charged
What is a neutrino
Particle with no charge and near zero mass
Z gauge boson - type of force and particles affected
Week force - all
What is pair production
A photon of sufficient energy is converted into a particle and it’s equivalent antiparticle with equal kinetic energy.
W+ / W- gauge boson - type of force and particles affected
Week force - all
What does the photoelectric effect demonstrate
light travels in packets of energy not as a wave because a wave would flow continuously, so prolonged exposure would cause the same effect as higher frequency.
Photoelectric effect - effect of an increase in frequency
A threshold frequency (of UV light) must be achieved
Describe what happens in Alpha decay
A helium nucleus (2 protons and 2 neutrons) are lost
Describe what happens in +1 Beta decay
A proton becomes a neutron, a positron and electron nutrition
Describe what happens in -1 Beta decay
A neutron becomes a proton, an electron and an electron antinutrino
EM force:
- description
- strength
- range
- Attracts oppositely charged particles
- Fairly strong
- Unlimited range
Gravitational force:
- description
- strength
- range
- All matter attracts all other matter
- Very week
- Unlimited range
Strong Force:
- description
- strength
- range
- Attractive or repulsive depending on distance, holds nuclei together.
- Very strong
- Range of a few nuclei (follows inverse square law)
Weak force
- description
- strength
- range
- Hold together the quarks in hadrons
- Not as weak as the name implies
- Within one nuclide
1) What category are mesons and baryons part of?
2) What are these made of?
1) Hadrons
2) Quarks
What are electrons, muons, taus and their matching neutrinos considered?
Leptons
Effect of an increase in intensity on the photoelectric effect
More photo-electrons emitted
