Particle Physics Flashcards
What are the names of the six quarks?
Up, Down, Charm, Strange, Top, Bottom
What are the names of the six leptons?
Electron, Muon, Tau, Electron Neutrino, Muon Neutrino, Tau Neutrino
What is the charge of an up quark?
+2/3
What is the charge of a down quark?
-1/3
What is the charge on a strange quark?
-1/3
What is the charge on a charm quark?
+2/3
What is a fundamental particle?
A particle that is not made up of any smaller particles.
What are the two families of fundamental particles?
Quarks and leptons
What are hadrons?
Particles made up of quarks.
What are baryons?
Particles made up of three quarks
What are mesons?
Particles made up of a quark and an antiquark
What is the quark composition of a proton?
up up down
What is the quark composition of a neutron?
up down down
What type of heavy quark does a Sigma baryon contain?
strange
What is the quark composition of a Sigma +?
up up strange
What is quark composition of a Sigma 0?
up down strange
What is the quark composition of a Sigma -?
down down strange
What is the quark composition of a positive pion?
Up antidown
What is the quark composition of a negative pion?
Down antiup
What is the quark composition of a neutral pion?
up antiup or down antidown
What is the charge on an electron?
-1
What is the charge on a positron?
+1
What is the charge on a neutrino?
0
Do neutrinos have mass?
Yes, but it is exceptionally small
Name the four fundamental forces.
Gravity, Electromagnetism, Strong, Weak
What is the exchange boson for gravity?
Graviton (theoretically!)
What is the exchange boson for the electromagnetic force?
Photon
What is the exchange boson for the strong force?
Gluon
What are the exchange bosons for the weak force?
W+, W-, Z0
How do forces work in the standard model?
Particles transfer exchange bosons between each other to transfer forces
Which forces does not fit correctly into the standard model?
Gravity
What is the name of a theory that accounts for gravity, but none of the other forces?
General Relativity
