Particle Motion In Gases

Question 1

what does the kinetic theory state according to its laws

Answer 1

that all matter is made up of very small and constantly moving particles

Question 2

how dense is gas

Answer 2

• the least dense out of the three states
• particles in a gas hardly take up any space
• most of the gas is empty space

Question 3

what happens when gas particles move around at high speeds and what is the effect of it

Answer 3

• they bang into each other and any other object that is in the way
• when they collide with something, they exert a force on it

Question 4

what is another word for the force that is exerted by gas particles on a surface

Answer 4

gas pressure

Question 5

what is the outward gas pressure in a sealed container

Answer 5

the total force exerted by all of the gas particles in the gas on a unit area of the container walls

Question 6

what does the speed of gas particles depend on

Answer 6

• the temperature of the gas

- in other words, the kinetic energy it has

Question 7

what is the correlation between temperature and the speed of gas particles

Answer 7

the higher the temperature the faster the particles move

Question 8

what does an increase in the speed of the gas particles result in

Answer 8

an increase in the frequency of collisions with the gas container

Question 9

what else other than the speed of the gas particles increases as the temperature increases

Answer 9

the force exerted by each particle during a collision

Question 10

what does increasing the temperature of a fixed volume of gas do

Answer 10

increase the gas pressure

Question 11

how would you decrease the gas pressure while keeping the temperature constant ans why does it work

Answer 11

• by increasing the volume of the container that the gas is in
• as the particles will get more spread out and therefore hit the walls of the container less often
• and a lower collision frequency results to a decreased pressure

Question 12

if pressure going up means the volume goes down or the volume increasing leads to the pressure decreasing, what type of relationship do pressure and volume have

Answer 12

• an inversely proportional one

- pressure and volume are inversely proportional

Question 13

for a gas at fixed mass at a constant temperature , what is the relationship written as a formula

Answer 13

• P1 V1 = P2 V2
• where P1 is the pressure at volume V1
• and P2 is a pressure at the volume P2

Question 14

what are the units of pressure and volume

Answer 14

• pressure is measured in Pa or N/m2

- and volume is measured at m3

Question 15

what us the coldest temperature that anything can get to and what is this temperature called

Answer 15

• the coldest that is is believed that anything in the universe can get to is -273C
• this is known as absolute zero

Question 16

what does it mean for a substance to be at absolute zero

Answer 16

• its particles have as little kinetic energy as physically possible
• they are more or less still, giving off no vibration or having an amplitude

Question 17

what temperature does the measurement of kelvin start at

Answer 17

absolute zero or -273C

Question 18

what is the temperature change from Celsius to kelvin

Answer 18

an increase in 1C is an increase in 1 kelvin and vice versa

Question 19

what would you do to convert degrees celcius to kelvin and kelvin to degrees celcius

Answer 19

• to convert from degrees Celsius to kelvin, add 273

- to convert from kelvin to degrees celcius, subtract 273

Question 20

write the degrees celcius and kelvin of absolute 0, the freezing point of water and the boiling point of water

Answer 20

• absolute zero = 0 K or -273C
• freezing point = 273 K or 0C
• boiling point = 373 K or 100C