Particle Model of Matter

Question 1

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 1

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 2

For each state of matter, describe the arrangement of the particles.

Answer 2

Solid - strong forces of attraction that pack the particles tightly together so they can’t move.
Liquid - weaker forces of attraction that hold the particles close together, but allows them to move over each other.
Gas - no forces of attraction between the particles, which have more energy and are constantly moving around.

Question 3

Explain how a gas in a sealed container exerts a pressure on the walls of a container.

Answer 3

Colliding gas particles causes pressure.

Question 4

What is the formula for density?

Answer 4

density = mass / volume

Question 5

What are the units of density?

Answer 5

kg/m³

Question 6

True or false? Solids are usually denser than gases.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Describe how you could find the density of an irregular solid object.

Answer 7

Measure the object’s mass (with a balance), then submerge the object in a eureka can filled with water and collect the volume of water overflow. Apply values to density formula.

Question 8

What is internal energy?

Answer 8

The energy stored by the particles in the object.

Question 9

What happens to the particles of a substance when it is heated?

Answer 9

They are transferring energy energy (increasing the internal energy)

Question 10

Name the five changes of state.

Answer 10

Freezing, melting, evaporating, condensing, sublimation

Question 11

True or false? Mass stays the same when a substance changes state.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Define specific latent heat.

Answer 12

The energy needed to change the state of 1kg mass

Question 13

Give a formula for specific latent heat.

Answer 13

energy = mass x specific latent heat