Particle model of matter Flashcards
How do you find density (kg/m³)?
Mass (kg / volume (m³)
What is density?
A measure of the compactness of a substance
What is used to find the density of a solid object?
A eureka can
What is internal energy?
The energy stored by the particles that make up a system
What happens when particles are heated up?
It transfers energy to it’s particles, so they gain energy to their kinetic stores and and move faster, increasing the internal energy
What can happen when temperature changes?
This can result in a change in state, depending on the mass of the substance, it’s specific heat capacity and the energy input
When does a change of state occur?
When the particles have enough energy in their kinetic stores to break the bonds holding them together, or they don’t have enough energy to stop the bonds from forming
What are the the changes of state?
Freezing, melting, boiling/evaporating, condensing and sublimating
What is specific latent heat?
The amount of energy needed to change 1 kg of a substance from one state to another without changing it’s temperature
What is the SLH for changing between a solid and a liquid called?
Specific latent heat of fusion
What is the SLH for changing between a liquid and a gas called?
Specific latent heat of vaporisation
How do you work out the energy needed or released from a change of state?
Mass x specific latent heat
Finish this sentence: the higher the temperature
The higher the average energy in the kinetic energy stores of the particles in the gas
What is outward gas pressure (in a sealed container)?
The total force exerted by all of the particles in the gas on a unit area of the container walls
What is the relationship for a gas of fixed mass at constant temperature?
Pressure (Pa) x volume (m³) = constant
