Particle model of matter Flashcards

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1
Q

Equation for density

A

Density = mass/volume

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2
Q

What is internal energy

A

The total energy that an object has in its kinetic & potential energy stores

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3
Q

How can heating change an object’s internal energy

A

Energy is gained in the kinetic energy store as particles move faster, leading to a change in temperature/state

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4
Q

What happens to mass in a change of state

A

Mass is conserved

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5
Q

What is energy used for in melting/ evaporating

A
  1. Breaking intermolecular bonds
  2. Increasing internal energy by heating
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6
Q

What is energy used for in condensing/ freezing

A
  1. Bonds are forming
  2. This releases energy, decreasing internal energy
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7
Q

What is specific latent heat

A

Energy needed to change 1kg of a substance into one state to another without changing temperature

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8
Q

What is specific latent heat of fusion

A

Melting or freezing

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9
Q

What is specific latent heat of vaporisation

A

Evaporating or condensing

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10
Q

Equation for specific latent heat?

A

Energy = mass x specific latent heat

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11
Q

Relationship between temperature and energy in a gas

A

Higher the temperature, higher the average energy

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12
Q

What is gas pressure

A

Total force exerted by all particles in the gas on a unit area of a container’s walls

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13
Q

How does temperature impact gas pressure

A

Higher temperature = faster particles = more collisions = higher pressure

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14
Q

How does volume impact gas pressure

A

Increased volume means more spread out particles, meaning less collisions, meaning less pressure

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15
Q

Relationship between pressure and volume

A

Inversely proportional

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16
Q

How does work done on a gas affect it

A

Exerting a force on a gas increases its internal energy, increasing the temperature, as energy is transferred to the kinetic energy stores