Particle model of matter Flashcards
Solids
Particles are close together
Arranged in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place to place.
Liquids
The particles are close together
Not arranged in a regular pattern
Particles can move around each other.
Gases
Particles are very far apart.
Not arranged in a pattern
Move rapidly and randomly.
What is density?
The mass for a given volume.
How to find the density of a regular object:
Find mass using a balance.
To find the volume, use a ruler to measure the length of the height, width and depth.
Calculate the density by dividing the mass by the volume of the object.
How to find the density of an irregular object?
Find the mass of the object using a balance.
Fill a Eureka can with water.
Place the object in the water.
The displaced water will flow out of the can through the spout.
Measure the volume of the water displaced to find the volume of the object.
Calculate density.
What is potential energy?
The intermolecular forces and chemical bonds.
What is internal energy?
The energy stored in a system by the particles.
Total kinetic and potential energy of the particles.
What type of change is a change of state and why?
Physical changes.
If we reverse the change, the material recovers its original properties.
Mass is always conserved.
What happens when we put energy into a solid?
Breaking the forces of attraction between the particles, allowing it to change from a solid to a liquid.
What happens when we put energy into a solid?
Breaking the forces of attraction between the particles, allowing it to change from a solid to a liquid.
What is latent heat?
Energy needed for a substance to change state.
What happens during a change of state?
Increasing the internal energy store of the system.
Not changing the temperature.
What is meant by specific latent heat?
The amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature.
Specific latent heat of fusion:
Solid to a liquid.
