particle model of matter

Question 1

what is the particle theory/ kinetic theory

Answer 1

helps us understand how the particles in each state behave by considering each particle as a small, solid and inelastic sphere

Question 2

what is density

Answer 2

how much mass a substance has per unit of its volume

Question 3

what is the equation for density

Answer 3

density = mass/volume

Question 4

how do you find the volume of an irregular shape

Answer 4

• using a eureka can filled with water
• gently lower the object into the can
• measure the volume of the displaced water using a measuring cylinder
• this is the volume of the object

Question 5

what is meant by the specific latent heat of an object

Answer 5

the specific latent heat of a substance is the amount of energy required to change the state of one kilogram of the substance with no change in temperature

Question 6

what happens to the temperature and a substance when it is changing states and why

Answer 6

the temperature will remain constant when a substance is changing states because the energy provided is being used to weaken/break the forces holding the particles together

Question 7

what is latent heat

Answer 7

the amount of energy required to change the state of a substance while the temperature stays the same

Question 8

what are the two types of specific latent heat

Answer 8

• specific latent heat of fusion = energy change when a substance changes between a solid and a liquid
• specific latent heat of vaporisation = energy change when a substance changes between a liquid and a gas

Question 9

what is the equation for latent heat

Answer 9

energy required or released = mass x specific latent heat

Question 10

how do gases curate pressure

Answer 10

by colliding with each other or with the walls of the containing

Question 11

what is the equation for pressure

Answer 11

pressure = force/area

Question 12

what does total pressure depend on

Answer 12

• how many collisions there are

- how much energy each collision involves

Question 13

what affects gas pressure

Answer 13

• temperature
• concentration
• volume

Question 14

how does temperature increase gas pressure

Answer 14

• heat energy transfers energy to the particles kinetic energy store
• move around faster
• more collisions
• collisions have more force

Question 15

how does concentration increase gas pressure

Answer 15

• increased concentration of particles in the same volume means more collisions in the same space
• particles collide more

Question 16

how does decrease in volume increase gas pressure

Answer 16

• decreasing the volume increase the concentration of particles the same
• more collisions against the wall as there is less space
• more collisions with other particles as it more tightly packed

Question 17

what is the relation between pressure and volume

Answer 17

inversely proportional

Question 18

what is the equation for pressure and volume

Answer 18

pressure x volume = constant value