Particle Model And Matter

Question 1

What is the particle arrangement of a solid ?

Answer 1

Strong forces hold the particles close together in a fixed regular arrangement
Particles don’t have much energy therefore can only vibrate

Question 2

What is the particle arrangement of a liquid ?

Answer 2

There are weaker forces of attraction between the particles . The particles are close together but can move past each other to form irregular arrangements
More energy than a solid - can slowly move in random directions

Question 3

What is the particle arrangement of a liquid ?

Answer 3

Almost no forces of attraction between the particles
Particles have the most amount of energy
Free to move constantly in random directions and speeds

Question 4

When gas particles collide in a container what is the force they exert on it ?

Answer 4

Pressure is the force exerted per unit area

Question 5

If you increase the temperature of a gas you transfer energy into what ?

Answer 5

Into the kinetic energy stores

Question 6

The higher the temperature of the of the gas …..

Answer 6

The higher the average energy

Average speed of particles increases

Question 7

What is to formula that involves volume , density and mass ?

Answer 7

Density = Mass / Volume

Question 8

What does the density of an object depend on ?

Answer 8

What the object is made of and how the particles are arranged

Question 9

Dense materials particles are …

Answer 9

Tightly packed together

Question 10

Less dense materials are ….

Answer 10

More spread out

Question 11

What is the particle to measure density ?

Answer 11

Getting a eureka can , and filling with water to below the spout
And dropping the rock into the can .
Record the amount of water that comes out of the can
Find the rocks mass
Use the formula to work out the density

Question 12

The internal energy of a system is ….

Answer 12

The total energy that the particles have in its kinetic and potential energy stores

Question 13

Heating the system ….

Answer 13

Transfers energy to its particles ,increasing the internal energy stores

Question 14

A change of state occurs ….

Answer 14

If the substance us heated enough - the particles will have enough energy in their kinetic energy stores to break the bonds holding them together

Question 15

The do the changes of state occur ?

Answer 15

Solid to liquid = melting  
Solid to gas = sublimating 
Gas to a liquid = condensing 
Liquid to a solid = freezing 
Liquid to a gas = boiling or evaporating

Question 16

When melting or boiling a substance , what happens to the internal energy ?

Answer 16

The internal energy is increasing but is then being used to break the intermolecular forces

Question 17

When a substance is condensing or freezing what happens the the particles and the energy ?

Answer 17

Bonds are formed between the particles , which then releases energy
As a result the internal energy decreases

Question 18

What is the energy called needed to change the state of a substance ?

Answer 18

Latent heat

Question 19

What is specific latent heat ?

Answer 19

The amount of energy needed to change 1kg of it from one state to another without changing its temperature

Question 20

When cooling what is the specific latent heat ?

Answer 20

The energy release by the change of state

Question 21

What is the specific latent heat called for changing between a solid and a liquid ?

Answer 21

Specific latent heat of fusion

Question 22

What is the specific latent heat called for changing between a liquid and a gas ?

Answer 22

Specific latent heat of vaporisation

Question 23

What is the formula for specific latent heat ?

Answer 23

Energy(J) = mass(kg) X specific latent heat (j/kg)