Particle Model Flashcards
Give one reason for using the water bath
large volume of water gives steady temperature rise
State one way the student could develop this experimental procedure to investigate temperatures outside this range
- use liquid with a higher boiling point to increase upper limit of temperature range
Compare and contrast how the resistances of component A and component B vary with temperature
Similarities:
- resistance changes for both as temp increases
- both graphs show non linear relationship
Differences:
- Resistance of A decreases with temp but resistance of B increases with temp
Describe how the student should carry out an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of water
- use of top pan to measure mass
- insulate beaker to reduce heat loss
Which of the diagram shows the direction of the forces from the water on the inside of the tank
B
all arrows face outwards
Explain which container has higher pressure at the bottom and which has the lowest
- pressure in A is highest
- pressure in C is lowest
- pressure depends on depth of liquid so A and C can be compared
- pressure in A is twice that of C
- pressure depends on density of liquid so can compare A and B since they have the same depth so pressure in A is greater than in B
Volume of the column of trapped gas is
B 2.1 x 10-2
Describe how the average kinetic energy of the particles of the gas changes as the temperature of the gas changes
- kinetic energy increases as temperature increases
- KE doubles when temperature doubles so they are proportional
- when temperature is in kelvin
Kinetic theory describes gases as particles that
B - do not move at absolute 0
Explain how the particles in the gas exert a pressure on the syringe
- particles collide with walls of the syringe
Describes what this line of best fit shows about how the volume of the gas varies with the temperature
- V increases as T increases
- proportional and constant increase
At -273c the particles in the gas are..
C - stationary
State how the average kinetic energy of the gas particles changes
- average kinetic energy is halved
Explain how the helium gas exerts a pressure on the balloon
- particles collide with the walls of the balloon
- causing a force
Suggest what will happen to the balloon as it carries on rising above 30,000
it bursts
Which graph shows the way temp
C (y proportional to x)
Describe how these air molecules exert a pressure on the cylinder
- there are collisions
- with walls of the cylinder
Describes what happens to the wasted energy
- thermal energy dissipated to surroundings
Explain one way the experiment can be improved to reduce amount of energy wasted
- wrap beaker in insulator
- reduces rate of energy transfer
Describe in terms of energy how the arrangement and movement of particles in the steam changes as the steam enters the milk condensed and cools
- when steam condenses, molecules move closer together (internal energy decreases)
- when water from condensed steam cools, molecules move more slowly so less kinetic energy stored
Give two reasons why the actual mass of steam needed to heat the milk from 5-65c
- more steam must condense and transfer the energy that is dissipated to the jug
- more steam must condense and transfer the energy needed to cause milk to froth
Explain using kinetic theory why the oxygen exerts a pressure on the lid but the copper does not
Particles in a gas (oxygen):
- move rapidly throughout container
- collide with each other and with the walls of the container
- exerting a force as a result
Particles in a solid:
- in fixed position
- vibrate
- but don’t reach lid
the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas is directly proportional to …
C - the temperature of the gas measured in kelvin
density of water and molecules of water are…
C
bigger, closer together
