Particle Model Flashcards

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1
Q

Give one reason for using the water bath

A

large volume of water gives steady temperature rise

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2
Q

State one way the student could develop this experimental procedure to investigate temperatures outside this range

A
  • use liquid with a higher boiling point to increase upper limit of temperature range
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3
Q

Compare and contrast how the resistances of component A and component B vary with temperature

A

Similarities:

  • resistance changes for both as temp increases
  • both graphs show non linear relationship

Differences:

  • Resistance of A decreases with temp but resistance of B increases with temp
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4
Q

Describe how the student should carry out an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of water

A
  • use of top pan to measure mass

- insulate beaker to reduce heat loss

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5
Q

Which of the diagram shows the direction of the forces from the water on the inside of the tank

A

B

all arrows face outwards

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6
Q

Explain which container has higher pressure at the bottom and which has the lowest

A
  • pressure in A is highest
  • pressure in C is lowest
  • pressure depends on depth of liquid so A and C can be compared
  • pressure in A is twice that of C
  • pressure depends on density of liquid so can compare A and B since they have the same depth so pressure in A is greater than in B
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7
Q

Volume of the column of trapped gas is

A

B 2.1 x 10-2

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8
Q

Describe how the average kinetic energy of the particles of the gas changes as the temperature of the gas changes

A
  • kinetic energy increases as temperature increases
  • KE doubles when temperature doubles so they are proportional
  • when temperature is in kelvin
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9
Q

Kinetic theory describes gases as particles that

A

B - do not move at absolute 0

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10
Q

Explain how the particles in the gas exert a pressure on the syringe

A
  • particles collide with walls of the syringe
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11
Q

Describes what this line of best fit shows about how the volume of the gas varies with the temperature

A
  • V increases as T increases

- proportional and constant increase

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12
Q

At -273c the particles in the gas are..

A

C - stationary

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13
Q

State how the average kinetic energy of the gas particles changes

A
  • average kinetic energy is halved
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14
Q

Explain how the helium gas exerts a pressure on the balloon

A
  • particles collide with the walls of the balloon

- causing a force

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15
Q

Suggest what will happen to the balloon as it carries on rising above 30,000

A

it bursts

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16
Q

Which graph shows the way temp

A

C (y proportional to x)

17
Q

Describe how these air molecules exert a pressure on the cylinder

A
  • there are collisions

- with walls of the cylinder

18
Q

Describes what happens to the wasted energy

A
  • thermal energy dissipated to surroundings
19
Q

Explain one way the experiment can be improved to reduce amount of energy wasted

A
  • wrap beaker in insulator

- reduces rate of energy transfer

20
Q

Describe in terms of energy how the arrangement and movement of particles in the steam changes as the steam enters the milk condensed and cools

A
  • when steam condenses, molecules move closer together (internal energy decreases)
  • when water from condensed steam cools, molecules move more slowly so less kinetic energy stored
21
Q

Give two reasons why the actual mass of steam needed to heat the milk from 5-65c

A
  • more steam must condense and transfer the energy that is dissipated to the jug
  • more steam must condense and transfer the energy needed to cause milk to froth
22
Q

Explain using kinetic theory why the oxygen exerts a pressure on the lid but the copper does not

A

Particles in a gas (oxygen):

  • move rapidly throughout container
  • collide with each other and with the walls of the container
  • exerting a force as a result

Particles in a solid:

  • in fixed position
  • vibrate
  • but don’t reach lid
23
Q

the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas is directly proportional to …

A

C - the temperature of the gas measured in kelvin

24
Q

density of water and molecules of water are…

A

C

bigger, closer together