Particle model Flashcards
What is the movement and arrangement of a solid
move only by vibrating about a fixed lattice position
Movement and arrangement of liquids
particles are randomly arranged with medium energy - they move freely over each other
Movement and arrangement of gases
widely spaced and randomly arranged with high amounts of kinetic energy
Investigate densities in materials
- Place a known volume of water into a eureka just before the spout
- Measure the mass of your material using a balance
- Place your material into the eureka and measure the amount of water displacement
- Take a new measurement of the volume of water
- D = m/v
Describe the difference in density based off of materials
Solid = more dense
Gases = less dense
Due to molecules in a solid being closer togethe
What is specific heat capacity
the energy required to raise one kilogram (kg) of the material by one degree Celsius (°C).
What is specific latent heat
The amount of energy required to change the state of 1 kilogram (kg) of a material without changing its temperature.
How can you reduce unwanted energy transfer through thermal insulation
- Using foam reduces the amount of energy lost as it is a poor thermal conductor
- Reflective coatings to reflect IR radiation back to system
Explain the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its particles
When they collide with the walls of a container they exert a force which acts at a right angle to the container. This causes pressure
Explain the term absolute zero
0 Kelvin (or -273°C)
Coldest possible temperature where particles have NO energy
How do you convet Kelvin to Centigrade
X Kelvin - 273
How can gases be compressed or expanded by pressure changes
When pressure increases= molecules forced closer together so gas is compressed
When pressure decreases= molecules have space to move so gas expands
What is the effect of changing the volume of a gas
Decreased volume = increase in pressure
Increased volume = decreased pressure
