Part one Flashcards
Entropy
Degree of measurement of disorder in a system.
Types of entropy
Chaotic and neat
High entropy
Increase of entropy is usually a breaking down of large particles into smaller ones, spreading of particles
Low entropy
Highly ordered
Two metabolic pathways
Catabolic, anabolic
Anabolic - type of entropy, what happens, example, free energy
Low entropy
Complex molecules assembled from simple molecules
Ex. Photosynthesis
Free energy required
Catabolic - type of entropy, what happens, example, free energy
High entropy
Complex molecules broken down into simple molecules
Ex. Cellular respiration
release in free energy
Components of an ATP molecule
Adenine (nitrogenous base)
Ribose sugar (pentose sugar)
3 phosphate groups
Importance of cellular respiration
The way living organisms get energy from food by breaking down energy-rich molecules like glucose to release useable energy in ATP form
Parts of mitochondrian
Inner membrane
Outer membrane
Cristae
Matrix
Four stages of cellular respiration
- Glycolysis
- Pyruvate oxidation
- Krebs or citric acid cycle
- Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis, how many steps, what happens in steps, where it occurs
10 step process
Cytosol
process in which one glucose molecule is broken down to form two molecules of pyruvic acid (also called pyruvate)
Pyruvate oxidation, how many steps, what happens in each step, where it occurs
1 step process
Mitochondrial matrix
Pyruvate converts to acetyl CoA
Krebs or citric acid cycle,
how many steps, what happens in each step, where it occurs
8 steps
Mitochondrial matrix
Oxidation of acetyl CoA
Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to produce citric acid cycle ends with an oxaloacetate molecule
-to repeat cycle it combines with another acetyl CoA
