Part B International Law Flashcards
Treaty of Westphalia
It ended the Eighty Years’ War between Spain and the Dutch and the German phase of the Thirty Years’ War.
Peace was negotiated in 1644 in the Westphalian towns of Munster and Osnabruck.
League of Nations
At the end of WW1, the Paris Conference of 1919 introduced the Treaty of Versailles believing that an international organization of countries could help achieve collective security and peace
The League allowed member states to discuss political and legal questions of International significance
It helped Canada to establish its position as a sovereign state
United Nations
Is guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter
Is a place where all the world’s nations can gather together, discuss common problems, and find shared solutions that benefit all of humanity
International Criminal Court
Investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crimes of aggression.
Through international criminal justice, the Court aims to hold those responsible accountable for their crimes and to help prevent these crimes from happening again.
Geneva Convention
The Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols contain the most important rules limiting the barbarity of war
The First Geneva Convention protects wounded and sick soldiers on land during war
The Second Geneva Convention protects wounded, sick, and shipwrecked military personnel at sea during war
The Third Geneva Convention applies to prisoners of war
The Fourth Geneva Convention affords protection to civilians, including in occupied territory
NATO
Purpose to guarantee freedom, security and demographic values; members consult on issues to solve problems
Committed to the principle that an attack against one is an attack against all
CUSMA
It is the largest free trade agreement in the world and generated economic growth, raising the standard of living
It was remade to add language, gender and Indigenous people rights
UNDRIP
Adopted by the UN general assembly in 2007 to protect Indigenous Peoples education, health, employment, language, Rights to land territory and resources
In June 2021, Canada passed Bill C-15 the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples committing to aligning federal laws with UNDRIP
Paris Climate Agreement
Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change
The US and China are not forced to take action despite being larger contributors to climate change
The Rome Statute
It established the first treaty-based permanent international criminal court
The Rome statute sets out the crimes falling within the jurisdiction of the ICC, the rules of procedure and the mechanisms for states to cooperate with the ICC.
