Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Boating - Pleasure vessel > Part B Engineering > Flashcards

Part B Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

Oil drain plug has ______ to collect metallic filing in the oil

A

magnet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

check oil level when it is:

a. hot
b. cold

A

b. cold before engine started

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cylinders are located inside:

a. cylinder head
b. engine block
c. crankcase

A

b. engine block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

inlet and exhaust valves are fitted in:

a. cylinder head
b. engine block
c. crankcase

A

a. cylinder head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

crankshaft rotate within:

a. cylinder head
b. engine block
c. crankcase

A

c. crankcase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cylinder head gasket is placed between ___ and ___ to ensure gas and fluid tight.

a. cylinder head and engine block
b. engine block and crankcase
c. crankcase and cylinder head

A

a. cylinder head and engine block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

torque wrench is for…

A

tightening screws or nuts with equal twisting force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the 4 strokes of 4 strokes engine?

A
  1. Induction
  2. Compression
  3. Expansion
  4. Exhaust

Both Petrol and Diesel engines can have 4 strokes mechanism, just the combustion sequence are different due to the different properties of petrol and diesel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

crankshaft rotates ___ times while camshaft rotates 360 degrees on a 4 stroke engine.
a. 360 degrees
b 720 degrees

A

720 degrees

crankshaft rotates twice as much as camshaft on 4 strokes engine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

valve clearance is ____ inches normally or refer to the engine manual.

A

0.025 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

valve clearance is …

A

space located between rocker arm and valve stem to ensure valve closes fully for the engine.

if valve clearance is too small, valves cannot fully close and cause compression loss.

if valve clearance is too big, valves cannot fully open and cause noise (tapping noise).

in both cases the engine cannot run smoothly and lose power.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is for adjusting valve clearance?

A

feeler gauge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

bearings worn out symptioms

A
  1. knocking noise.
  2. lower oil pressure
  3. oil pressure gauge lower than 1000rpm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

big-end bearing location

A

where connecting rod joins the crankshaft (bottom)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

small-end bearing

A

where gudgeon pin joins the connecting road (top)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

flywhel

A

to smooth the rotation of engine during explosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

stroke

A

the distance travelled by the piston between TDC (top dead centre) and BDC (bottom dead centre)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

firing order of 4 cylinder 4 stroke engine

A

1, 3, 4, 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

compression ratio of petrol engine is x: y?

A

10:1 for petrol engine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

compression ratio of diesel engine is x:y?

A

20:1 for diesel engine hence cylinder of piston of diesel is much longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

diesel or petrol has higher flash point?

A

diesel is 65C, petrol flash point is -44C and is much lower, and highly flammable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when refueling, close…

A

all windows and doors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what will happen if diesel was put into petrol engine?

A

engine would stop or stop after starting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what will happen if petrol was put into diesel engine?

A

engine will be damaged due to over-speed if petrol was put into diesel engine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

before refuel boat:

A
  1. tied boat properly to fuel dock
  2. passengers have to stay ashore
  3. close windows and hatches
  4. ground the fuel nozzle to fuel filling point
  5. ready the foam type fire extinguisher
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

after using the boat, always fill up the tank or drain the tank to…

A

avoid condensed water (from air moisture) inside the tank and to prevent tank corrosion or engine stopping (fuel mixed with water).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is choke for?

A

activate/ on the choke (choke plate closed) for cold engine starting to reduce air mixture with petrol to start the engine. turn off choke after starting the engine to avoid exhaust of uncombusted gas and smoky exhaust.

http://pontoonboatsreview.com/2019/12/02/what-does-the-choke-on-an-outboard-motor-do/#:~:text=The%20choke%20can%20be%20activated%20by%20a%20knob%2C,of%20air%20entering%20the%20carburetor%20will%20be%20reduced.

The choke can be activated by a knob, button, or through a pull handle. When the choke is activated, its solenoid, a coil will expand and restrict the area through which air enters the carburetor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is a carburetor?

A

mixer of petrol and air - 50 petrol, 50% air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

ignition system turns 12v battery to x v at spark plugs for induction

A

20,000v +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

contact break clearance is normally x to y mm/ inches

A

(ignition system)
contact break is normally 0.25 to 0.5mm (10-20/ 1000 inches). too wide > advance ignition; too narrow - retard ignition timing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is a condenser (ignition) for?

A

connected to contact breaker to prevent sparks jumping across points of contact breaker. Thus protecting contact points from burning or pitting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

petrol engines are stopped by ….

A

cutter power (e.g. kill/ safety switch)

33
Q

spark gap clearance is about ….

A

0.631-1.26mm (23-50/1000 inches)

34
Q

spark occurs when contact breaker

a. opens
b. closes

A

a. opens

35
Q 
colour of spark plug nose
grey - ? 
white - ? 
black - ? 
oily - ?
A

grey brown - normal
white - air-fuel mixture is too lean
black -air-fuel mixture is too rich
oily - lubrication oil burned inside the cylinder/ maybe scraper ring is gone/ need to replace piston.

36
Q

cool plug and hot plug

A

cool plug (shorter) is for hot engines (e.g max 9k rpm); hot plug is for ool engines (e.g. max 4k rpm).

a set of plug, specified by engine manufacturer, should be kept onboard for spare.

37
Q

lubricating oil and oil filter should be replaced regularly, at least ____

A 
once a year to: 
reduce friction and wear
reduce metal oxidation
sealing, cushioning
cooling
cleaning
38
Q

exhaust of blue smoke indicates

A

lubrication oil is burned in the cylinder
or
malfunction turbo charger (with engine lack of power, surge, knocking noise)

39
Q

exhaust of white smoke indicates

A

water is burned in the cylinder

40
Q

exhaust of black smoke

A

air fuel mixture is too rich/ not burned efficiently
or
faulty spring of diesel engine at injection

41
Q

effective working temperature for the engine is normally around…

A

80-90C

42
Q

sea water enter battery would cause the production of ___ gas

A

Chlorine gas - harmful to human beings

43
Q

hydrometer is used to measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte indicating the state of charge of the battery

X = fully charged
Y = half charged
Z = discharged
A
  1. 28/ green - fully charged
  2. 2/ yellow - half charged
  3. 12/ red - discharged
44
Q

main gauges on dashboard:

A 
oil pressure gauge
oil temp. gauge
water temp. gauge
exhaust temp gauge
tachometer (RPM)
Volt gauge/ meter
45
Q

When there is a click click solenoid sounds when starting the engine, it indicates

A

low battery power, the battery need to be recharged

46
Q

clearance between clutch plate and flywheel

A

too big clearance - slipping clutch > boat speed not correspond to engine speed
too tight clearance - lug clutch > propeller running while neutral gear

47
Q

zinc is fitted underwater to protect submerged metals from galvanic corrosion

A

do not pain on the zinc

48
Q

thrust bearing is for ….

A

withstanding axial movement of the propeller shaft and keep other parts of the engine e.g. crankshaft in place

49
Q

larger pitch propeller bigger angel of blade give a ____ top-end speed.

a. higher
b. lower

A

higher
speed boat uses large pitch propeller
cruiser uses small-pitch propeller

50
Q

if engine speed is unchanged but vessel speed is reduced significantly, the propeller may be ______

A

fouled by obstruction. best way is to go neutral to avoid the fouling.

51
Q

diesel fuel pressure is increased to ____ bar/ psi + in the injector pump before fuel is injected into the piston of a diesel engine

A

70 bar/ 1000 psi

52
Q

diesel engine is stopped by cutting _____

A

fuel

53
Q

adjusting the angel of helical edge wll adjust the connection between spill port and helical edge end up controlling the quantity of _____

A

quantity of diesel fuel delivered to fuel injector and thus control the engine speed

54
Q

diesel engine - what is a governor

A

mechanical auto device which reduce the fuel supply if engine is over-speeding (e.g when propeller comes out of water), thus protecting the engine from damage. also adjust idle and max engine speed.

55
Q

diesel engine - decompressor

A

for engine cranking and starting. do not use it for engine stopping or fuel may leak into exhaust pipe and cause fire.

56
Q

diesel engine - low voltage glow plug

A

is an air preheating device, locate at the top of combustion chamber, or intake manifold for cold engine starting

57
Q

2 stroke engine is more/ less powerful than 4 strokes engine?

A

2 stroke engine more powerful

58
Q

reed valve/ leaf valve

A

non return valve - goes only one way to draw air fuel mixture in cylinder

59
Q

2 stroke engine camshaft spin 360 degrees, crank shaft spins x degrees

A

360

60
Q

scavenge

A

exhaust gases forced out of the cylinder by fresh air compressed in by blower (diesel engine)/ transfer port (petrol engine)

61
Q

dingy has around x to y h/p diesel/ petrol engine?

A

2.2-8hp petrol engine

62
Q

lubrication for 2 stroke outboard engine

A

lub oil is mixed with petrol and mixture ratio is around 50:1 (petrol: lub oil)

63
Q

to remove blockage at propeller

A
  1. reduce throttle
  2. idle engine
  3. reverse gear
  4. one throttle
64
Q

idle outboard engine should be placed in proper position to avoid fuel spillage from carburettor or cooling water residue entering engine cylinder. always keep the engine with pistons higher/ lower than propeller or carburettor face upward/ downward

A

pistons higher than propeller
or
carburettor face upward

65
Q

procedure to stat an outboard engine

A
  1. lower the leg of the engine and tighten it up
  2. pump fuel to carburettor or turn on fuel cock
  3. shift gear to neutral
  4. open the choke (if cold).
  5. open 1/4 of throttle (ready position for starting)
  6. pull the manual (rope) starter
  7. check cooling indicator
66
Q

when underway, the leg of outboard motor should be at ___ degrees to the water surface & propeller shaft should be ___ degrees to the water surface

A

90 degrees/ right angle

180 / parallel

67
Q

difference between 4 stroke petrol & diesel engine

A

Ignition point: P - 44c; D - 65c
ignited by: P - spark; D - compressed hot air
Compression ratio: P - 10:1; D - 20:1
Draw in: P - air-fuel mixture; D - air
Weight: P - lighter; D - heavier
Noise: P - less noisy and steady; D - nosier and vibrant
Running cost: Po higher; D - lower

68
Q

difference between 4 stroke & 4 stroke petrol engine

A

crankshaft rotation: 2 - crankshaft 360degree = 1 power stroke; 4 - crankshaft 720 degrees = 1 power stroke
camshaft - 2 stroke - no camshaft (as no valves)
2 stroke has reed valve at crankcase; 4 stroke has inlet valve at cylinder head
2 stroke has gas tight crankcase; 4 stroke has non gas tight crankcase
2 stroke has lub oil mixed with fuel; 4 stroke has isolated lub system;
2 stroke is ligher and structure is more simple
2 stroke consumes more fuel

69
Q

bigger vessel should be fitted with an oily water separator in the bilge pump system to prevent oil pollution the waters. what is bigger vessel?

A

22m long vessel / registered gross tonnage 400+

70
Q

Foam Fire Extinguisher is usually used for fire in ____

A

engine room

71
Q

do not use ____ fire extinguisher for class b fire - flammable liquids, like oil, petroleum etc.

A

water fire extinguisher not for flammable liquids

72
Q

CO2 and Halon gas are harmful to human body

A

Halon gas (aka BCF and BTM) are high efficient fire fighting aent, but harmful to human being environment

73
Q

turn off ____ in case of electrical fire

A

power

74
Q

turn boat to ____ side if bow was on fire, but head on ____ if stern was burning

A

turn boat to leeward if bow on fire

turn head on wind if stern was burning

75
Q

Fire fighting procedure

A

f- find
i- inform
r- restrick
e- extinguish

76
Q

foam fire extinguisher

A

do not spray directly to source of fire, spray around it

77
Q

Co2 fire extinguisher usage

A

spray gas to surround fire

78
Q

dry powder

A

directly spray to base of fire, sweep fromside to side until the whole flame is covered.

Boating - Pleasure vessel (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions