part b

Question 1

Q: Who led the Taiping Rebellion?

Answer 1

A: Hong Xiuquan

Question 2

Q: What were the four key messages of Hong Xiuquan’s God Worshippers?

Answer 2

A:
a) Worship of God (Christianity)
b) Equality among people
c) Abolishing private property
d) Redistribution of land

Question 3

Q: When did the Taiping rebels seize Nanjing and make it their capital?

Answer 3

A: 1853

Question 4

Q: Who did the Qing have to rely on to defeat the Taiping rebels?

Answer 4

A:
a) Regional armies (e.g., Zeng Guofan’s Hunan Army)
b) Western powers

Question 5

Q: Approximately how many died in the conflict between the Taiping rebels and the Qing?

Answer 5

A: 20-30 million

Question 6

Q: From 1861, who was effectively in control of the Qing court, the ‘power behind the screen’?

Answer 6

A: Empress Dowager Cixi

Question 7

Q: What was the name of the reform movement that sought to modernize China in the late 1800s?

Answer 7

A: Self-Strengthening Movement

Question 8

Q: Why did this reform movement fail to gain significant traction?

Answer 8

A:
a) Conservative resistance within the Qing court
b) Lack of coordination and consistency
c) Limited understanding of Western technology and ideas

Question 9

Q: Who defeated China in 1895, forcing China to cede Taiwan and Korea?

Answer 9

A: Japan

Question 10

Q: Between 1895 and 1899, which nations declared areas of China to be their ‘spheres of influence’?

Answer 10

A:
a) Britain
b) France
c) Germany
d) Russia
e) Japan

Question 11

Q: What was the consequence of this ‘Scramble for China’?

Answer 11

A: China was further weakened and divided, leading to loss of sovereignty and influence.

Question 12

Q: Which Qing Emperor oversaw the period known as the ‘Hundred Days of Reform’?

Answer 12

A: Emperor Guangxu

Question 13

Q: What key reforms were implemented as part of the ‘Hundred Days of Reform’?

Answer 13

A:
a) Modernization of the military
b) Reform of the education system
c) Abolishing outdated civil service exams
d) Encouraging industrialization
e) Promoting new technologies
f) Reforming government institutions
g) Enhancing communication infrastructure

Question 14

Q: Who felt most challenged by these reforms that seemingly threatened their prestige?

Answer 14

A: Conservative officials and nobility, especially Empress Dowager Cixi

Question 15

Q: What was the consequence of the ‘Hundred Days of Reform’ for Guangxu?

Answer 15

A: Guangxu was placed under house arrest by Empress Dowager Cixi.

Question 16

Q: What was the real cost of the failure of the ‘Hundred Days of Reform’ for the Qing Dynasty?

Answer 16

A: The Qing Dynasty’s failure to modernize contributed to its eventual downfall.

Question 17

Q: What is the common name of the ‘Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists’?

Answer 17

A: The Boxers

Question 18

Q: Who did this group blame for natural disasters such as drought, flood, and famine?

Answer 18

A: Foreigners and Christian missionaries

Question 19

Q: What catch-cry did this group develop in the late 1890s?

Answer 19

A: “Support the Qing, destroy the foreigners!”

Question 20

Q: How did Cixi believe she could use this group?

Answer 20

A: To expel foreign influence and strengthen her own power.

Question 21

Q: What did Cixi fear if she sought to suppress the Boxers?

Answer 21

A: Losing popular support and increasing foreign intervention.

Question 22

Q: What did Cixi fear if she allowed the Boxers to continue?

Answer 22

A: Provoking a united foreign military response.

Question 23

Q: What event precipitated the Boxers to attack the British?

Answer 23

A: Rumors and increasing foreign encroachment on Chinese sovereignty.

Question 24

Q: Where did the Boxers come to entrap foreign diplomats and their families?

Answer 24

A: The foreign legation quarter in Beijing.

Question 25

Q: For how long did the Boxers entrap the foreign legation quarter in 1900 before being defeated by a western multi-nation force?

Answer 25

A: 55 days

Question 26

Q: What humiliating provisions were imposed upon the Qing as a result of the failed Boxer attack on the western legation quarter in Beijing?

Answer 26

A:
a) Large indemnity payments
b) Execution of Boxer leaders
c) Permanent foreign military presence in Beijing

Question 27

Q: What were three key consequences of the failed Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 27

A:
a) Further weakening of the Qing Dynasty
b) Increased foreign control and influence in China
c) Rise in anti-Qing sentiment leading to revolutionary movements