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ERJ 135/145 Loganair > Part A - Section 8 > Flashcards

Part A - Section 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What does Perf Class A mean

A
  • Multi engine,
  • 9+ seating
  • 5700kg+,
  • Must be able to climb on one engine
    -Driftdown clear of terrain to an aerodrome where a landing can be made
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2
Q

What is an isolated aerodrome

A

For Diversion

Alternate airfield - 2 hours away

(Alternate fuel + reserve fuel is greater than 2 hours flying time for a turbine engine)

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3
Q

What is contingent fuel

A

Fuel required to compensate for unforeseen factors

5% (or 3%) or 5 mins

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4
Q

Lowest MOCA / MORA

A

Below 6000ft - Highest obstacle + 1000 ft

Above 6000ft - Highest obstacle +2000

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5
Q

What factors can affect MOCA/MORA

A

Temperature and wind

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6
Q

What is a take-off alternate and what is criteria

A

Nominated alternate if weather precludes return to departure aerodrome..

1 hour S/E cruse speed - Actual T/O mass

Non precision - RVR and cloud base must be taken into account

Precision - only RVR must be taken into account

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7
Q

When is more than 1 destination alternate required

A

When the weather at destination is lower than minima for 1 hour before and 1 hour after scheduled arrival time.

OR

No met information available

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8
Q

What is required at destination for a Perf A aircraft to land

A

-ATC / VHF radio
-At least one of NDB, VOR, Radar
-Have suitable level of Crash response

(NAV aids do not have to be available at time of arrival)

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9
Q

What is a destination alternate and requirements

A

-Suitable airfield to be used in case of being unable to get into destination.

-Weather must be suitable with alternate minima for 1 hour before and 1 hour after scheduled arrival time.

Approach type must be downgraded,

Cat 2 -> Cat 1
Cat 1 -> Non precision
Non Precision - Non Precision +200ft/1000m
Circling - Circling

If Primary is RNAV, Alternate cannot be RNAV

If approach is Non precision - RVR and cloud base must be taken into account

If approach is precision - only RVR must be taken into account

1 to always be specified unless:

-less than six hours flight AND two separate runways with separate approach aids, separate landing surfaces and separate approach procedures.

-The destination is remote and no alternate exists

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10
Q

Destination alternate minima criteria and caveats

A

Cat 2 -> Cat 1
Cat 1 -> Non precision
Non Precision - Non Precision +200ft/1000m
Circling - Circling

Non P - Cloud base must be taken into account
GNSS must not be used for destination and alternate

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11
Q

What is categorisation of aircraft based on

A

Vat (Speed over threashold)

ERJ cat C - 121KTS - 140 KTS

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12
Q

Take-off minima RVR
(And Caveats)

A

Minima depends on ground equipment

-Edge light and runway markings = 300m
-Edge and centre lights = 200m
-Edge and centre lights with multiple RVRs = 150
-HALS system - 125

-Take-off cannot commence if minima precludes return unless a take-off alternate is nominated

  • Commander can determine minima even if official RVR is below limits or an RVR does not exist
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13
Q

When can we use 125 RVR for take-off

A

Full HALS system
centre line lights spaced at least 15m apart
edge line lights spaced at least 60m apart

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14
Q

Approach light categories

A

FALS (Full approach light system )
IALS (Intermediate approach light system)
BALS (Basic approach light system)
NALS (No Approach light system)

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15
Q

System minima, RVR and light and equipment downgrades.

A

Found in Part A section 8.13

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16
Q

Converting MET VIZ to RVR

A

Full HALS

  • Day 1.5 x viz
  • Night 2 x viz

Any other lighting
-Day 1 x viz
-Night 1.5 x viz

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17
Q

What is an approach ban

A

Before 1000ft if RVR drops below minima you may not continue below 1000ft .

After 1000ft if RVR drops below minima you may continue the approach.

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18
Q

min RVR for visual approach

A

800m

Loganair use 3000m

19
Q

Night visual approach criteria

A
  • Allowed with and without radar services, without…..

Do not go below MSA outwith 4.2NM (Cat C) of airfield

20
Q

What factors can affect operating minima

A

Wind

21
Q

Above what distance will RVR not be reported

A

1500m

22
Q

How often are TAFs and METARs issued

+ validity?

A

TAF - 4 x daily 2340, 0540, 1140, and 1740 UTC

Usually valid 9-24 hours

METAR - every 30 mins 20s and 50s , unless a significant update occurs

23
Q

Composition of Fuel

A

Taxi
Trip
Contingent
Alternate
Final
Extra

24
Q

What is Taxi Fuel in Logan

A

70Kgs

May be upped in certain airfields, for example Dublin is 140

25
Q

What is Trip Fuel

A

Fuel for

Take-off/Climb
Expected departure
Top of climb to top of decent
Top of descent expected arrival
Approach and landing

26
Q

What is contingent fuel, can it be changed

A

The greater of

-5% of total trip fuel

OR

-5 minutes flying time at 1500ft

Can be reduced to 3% using the 20% / 25% rule

27
Q

Can contingent fuel be reduced from 5%

A

yes , to 3%

Providing an en-route alternate exists within a circle size radius 20% of total flight distance from a point 25% from destination.

(or 20% + 50NM) which ever is greater

28
Q

What is alternate fuel

A

Missed approach + procedure
climb to level off
Top of climb to top of descent (+ routing)
Top of descent and arrival routing
Fuel for executing approach and and landing

29
Q

What is final reserve fuel

A

Fuel to fly for 30 mins (turbine engine) holding at 1500ft

30
Q

What is extra fuel

A

Any other fuel the commander wishes to carry

31
Q

What is DOM

A

Mass of plane minus fuel for a particular operation

e.g.

crew/bags
catering
oil

(basically everything minus trafic load and fuel)

32
Q

Pax classification

(Ages of PAX)

A

Adult - older than 12
Child - Younger than 12 older than 2
Infant - younger than 2

33
Q

Standard mass of Jet A1

A

.8

34
Q

Rules for tripping and resetting CBs

A
  • Trip and reset max of twice
  • Reset tripped CB once
35
Q

Standard mass for cabin baggage

A

6kg

36
Q

When can a commander restrain a pax

A

In the air, but NOT the ground

only if it is considered that restraining will NOT cause a safety issue

37
Q

What is the difference between P-RNAV, B-RNAV , RNP approach

A

P-RNAV - accuracy to 1 NM 95% of the time
B-RNAV - accuracy to 5 NM 95% of the time
RNP - accuracy to .3 NM 95 % of the time

38
Q

What defines a level bust

A

300ft

39
Q

What does the term “Minimum Fuel” mean?

A

Any undue delay will cause the plane to enter min reserves.

If it is apparent that the A/C may land with less than min reserves (30 mins) , this call has to be used. Also if any undue delay will cause it to enter min reserves

40
Q

What calls should me made if it is suspected or known that the A/C will go below min reserve fuel

A

Suspect - Min Fuel
Known - Mayday

41
Q

What UK category of wake turbulence is the ERJ

A

Small (1700kg - 40000)

42
Q

With reference to runway, what does the term
“Relevant” mean

A

A section of the runway where the A/C will still be travelling above 60kts (high speed sections)

43
Q

When can an A/C descent below the safety altitude

A
  • By using an approve procedure or routing
  • When under positive radar control
  • When in visual contact with the ground
44
Q

How many approach and go arounds can be made consecutively?

A
  • 2 approaches and go arounds

A significant improvement in weather must be seen before another is attempted.

ERJ 135/145 Loganair (15 decks)

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