Part 4 (Correct Punctuation) Flashcards
add commas to a series of items, and before the conjunction conjunctions in the following sentences are or and and
Ex: language expresses the creations of our imagination, our aesthetic appreciations, or our daily wants
enclose extra information or interjections with commas
Ex: my professor, frustrated and annoyed, told us we would fail for having more than three absences
Saul, where is your new jacket that I gave you for your birthday?
if a subordinate clause comes at the beginning of a sentence, it needs a comma after it. if and when in the following examples begin each subordinate clause
Ex: if we have ideas, we must express them in words as not to offend
when a word has gone entirely out of use, it is marked obsolete in the dictionary
insert a comma before the conjunction (and but for nor for so and yet) in a compound sentence
Ex: read literature regularly, and you’ll have reason to be proud of your vocabulary.
The conditions that called forth the speech were probably not important, but the speech itself was interesting.
restrictive clauses do not need to be enclosed in commas because the information is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. for example, using “that” in the sentence does not require a comma. non-restrictive or non-essential clauses that most often use the word “which” do need a comma
Ex: There is a wealth of material that modern authors are constantly reusing.
There is pleasure in employing new material, which is a creative endeavor.
Related complete sentences may be connected by a semicolon
Ex: Business English is much the same as any other English; it consists of using formal and persuasive expressions.
Using slang in a business letter is out of the question; using texting acronyms or abbreviations is also forbidden.
Use a semicolon when you join two independent clauses together with the following conjunctive adverbs: however, even so, moreover, therefore, consequently, otherwise, nevertheless, and thus. Also, add a comma after the conjunctive adverbs.
Ex: New inventions must be named; thus, new words are constantly being added to the language.
Atlas is the name of the Greek god who carried the world on his shoulders; consequently, a collection of maps in a volume came to be called an atlas.
Use a colon to introduce a list, a quotation, or an example. Use semicolons between terms in a list if any of the items contain commas (see the second example).
Ex: These are great sources for ideas: the Bible, other ancient texts, Greek and Roman myths, fables, and other classical stories.
When revising and editing, check your paper for the following: grammar,which should be formal; punctuation; and capitalization.
