Part 3: The Church And Monasticism Flashcards
What where the 4 main problems of the church
Simony - Buying powerful positions in the church
Nepotism - positions in the church being given away to family and friends
Pluralism - clergy members who held more than one important position
Marriage - Clergy members were supposed to take an oath of celibacy however, marriage along the clergy was common in 1066
What was important about the Reforms of the English Church
Lanfranc was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury after replacing Stigand who was corrupt
. He came into conflict with Thomas the Archbishop of York in who wanted to be the most important
. Eventually Thomas submitted to Lanfranc
. Lanfranc created church courts and wanted clergy members to only have trials ion church courts
. Lanfranc removed corruption in the church and added the new positions archdeans who served bishops and deans
How did the Normans change church buildings
. The Normans knocked down almost every single church building
. The Normans wanted cathedrals in a Romanesque style with thick walls, rounded arches and sturdy pillars
. Norman churches were built out of stone rather than wood
. The Size of the Cathedrals were Much Bigger
What was William I relationship with the Pope
. William I Received the Papal Banner from Pope Alexander II
. William I reformed the church
. William I filled in church positions
. William I was on good terms with the pope however, he refused to swear loyalty to Pope Gregory
What was William II Rufus’s relationship with the Pope
. William II Rufus was rumored to be non-religious and be a homosexual
. William II Rufus was not married at the time
. William II Rufus took the money from vacant church positions
. Simony reappeared
. Compromised with archbishop Anselm of Canterbury going on a spiritual journey to the pope in Rome
What was Henry I Relationship with the Pope
. Henry I immediately appointed vacant church positions
. Henry I supported Anselm’s attempt to make the church less corrupt
. Exiled Anselm
. The Pope threatened to excommunicate Henry
What was the Benedictine Rules
Vow of Poverty - Give up all positions
Vow of Chastity - no marriage and being Celibate
Vow of Obedience - Obeying Abbot or prioress
Vow of Stability - Not leaving the monastery ever
Simplicity - Wearing simple clothes and eating 2 vegetarian meals a day
Prayer - Attending 8 prayer services a day
Work - Self sustained - everything was produced by the monks
Silence - no talking other than in prayer
Service - looking after the sick, pilgrims, poor and travelers
How were monasteries reformed by Lanfranc
. Lanfranc increased the number of Cathedrals and Large Churches and attached Schools to them
. Local Lords used to be able to Influence monasteries because they were the main Benefactors but now monasteries only answered to the Abbot of Cluny
. Lanfranc made monasteries more strict as they had to follow the Benedictine rule
. Lanfranc introduced a hierarchy in the monastery so people would follow the rules
How else did monasteries help people
. There was an infirmary were monks cared for the sick poor and pilgrims following the example of Jesus
. Monasteries gave education to poor boys for free in return for them working in the monastery
. Monasteries built schools such as king’s school in canterbury
. Provided free accommodation to Pilgrims who sometimes left gifts
. Wrote the history of the country
. Monks were self sustained and looked after farms animals and grew their own food
What was education like under the Normans
. All education was by religion
. Only rich families were able to give girls education and they were taught by a nun
. Boys could get education in monasteries in return for working there
. Education was very narrow and only taught; Latin; Literacy Astronomy; Music (Choir and church services) and Arithmetic so that they would become future monks
What is the vernacular of England before 1066
Old English
How did the vernacular of England change
it became a mix of Old English and French
What language was used by the Government and religion after 1066
Latin
