Part 3 - Design for Aesthetics and Ergonomics Flashcards
Aesthetics
Set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty.
Form
Shape/ colour of a product. Influenced by aesthetics.
Function
Technical functions of a product
How can aesthetics be defined?
Whilst subjective, there is a sense of mathematical order. It is also affected by conditioning and symbolism. It can be difficult to achieve as it requires the right combination of individual elements of beauty.
State the principles of car styling
Consistent basic layout- curves, shoulders.
Consistent styles - size
Individual designs with a particular style - Grills, spoilers, shoulder lines, pillars, overhang.
State some examples of symbolism in cars.
Animalistic features.
Made to look strong and protective with bold distinctive features.
Choice of colour: Black smaller, while - bigger.
Why do styles change over time?
New manufacturing processes.
Innovative designers
State some interior design styles.
Modern, Contemporary, Minimalist, Industrial, Rustic
State some interior car styles
Functional, Modern, Sporty, Luxury, Futuristic
State 8 factors associated with choosing a car colour
Aesthetics, Association, Cleanability, Definition, Safety, Heat absorption, Cost, Resale
How can colours be classified.
3 primary colours when mixed form secondary colours. Combining secondary colours with its nearest primary creates tertiary colours - 12 hues.
What is the difference between structural and pigment colours?
Pigment - Adding pigment e.g. clothing and are subject to faid.
Structural are produced by light reflection e.g. peacock feathers - change with angle of view.
Shading
Adding black to colour
Tinting
Adding white to colour - Pastel colours
Toning
Adding grey to colour- Considered more pleasing to the eye.
How can colour be utilised?
Influence size perception
Emphasise shape definition
Create clean - high tech image.
Association- Yellow/Black or Red/Black associated with danger. Bad for interiors.
Highlighting - E.g. Sports car brake calipers.
Create a warm/ restful/ work atmosphere
How can colours be combined aesthetically?
Complementary, Analogous, Triadic, Split Complementary or Tetradic.
State some other aspects of colours
Metallic - Reflect more incident light- more attractive shine.
Gloss - Lacquer to give shiny gloss
Iridescent Paint - Colour changes with angle of view due to thin-film. V expensive
Lustre - Measure of intensity
Texture - Texture of the cloth of seats affects its colour
Importance of considering anthropometrics for design.
Products should aim to cater for as large a proportion of the population as possible which can be modelled as a normal distribution. Expensive airline seats ensure this whilst economy may not suit larger passengers.
Why can body mass not be approximated by normal distribution.
Weight is heavily affected by lifestyle.
State 7 ergonomic factors when designing a car
Driver Visibility - Locations of pillars causing blind spots
Mirrors- Flat mirrors give true distance perception while curved mirrors increase field of view.
Steering Ratio sensitivity.
Pedal design - Suitable precision for range of foot movement. Sideways spacing for extreme foot size. Resistance to spring back quickly but not uncomfortable to drive.
Seat Design- Reduce vibrations, lumbar support, crash protection
Wheel Changing - Easy to do, and ensure alignment is accurate
Dashboard - Non distractive
Considerations of man machine interface
Alert operator clearly and quickly, minimise distraction
Use colour conventions. Should be grouped together logically
State Examples of Car Safety Technology
Central Brake Light= Clear at night when other lights are already switched on.
Animated Indicators - Dynamic moving effect- more noticable.
