Part 3 Flashcards
Derived from petroleum
Engine fuels
Derived from crude oil
Petroleum fuels
Percent of hydrogen and carbon in petroleum fuels
14 and 86
Class of organic chemicals and give the 5
Hydrocarbons
Paraffin
Olefin
Diolefin
Naphthalene
Aromatic
Percentage of hydrocarbons
Distillation curve
Chemical reaction of carbon and hydrogen
Combustion
All of the hydrogen in the fuel
Ideal/theoretical/stoichiometric combustion
There is not enough O2
Rich combustion
Excess O2
Lean combustion
By weight
O2
N2
By volume
O2
N2
23.2
76.8
21
79
Ratio of the quantity of air supplied to the quantity of fuel
Air to fuel ratio
Measure of air fuel mixture
Equivalence ratio
There is not enough O2 combine in fuel
Rich mixture
Containing more than the required amount of air
Lean mixture
Density of the fuel relative to the density of water
Specific gravity of fuels, Y
Gravity scale devised by API
API gravity
API
American petroleum institute
Amount of heat energy contained in any fuel
Heating value
Based on API gravity
Estimation of heating value
Ability of fuels to vaporize
Volatility
Formation of fuel vapor
Vapor lock
Lowest temperature
Flash point
Diesel fuel must be volatile
Volatility
Temperature at which crystals begin to appear
Cloud point
Highest temperature
Pour point
Occurs when air and fuel are mixed
Combustion by explosion
Occurs when fuel is injected
Boundary combustion
Occurs when a combustible mixture is heated
Detonation
Measure of knock resistance of gasoline
Octane rating
Rated 100
Isooctane
Rated 0
Heptane
Indicator of anti-knock
Cetane rating
Value 100
N-cetane
Cetane
Value 0
Alpha-methylnaphthalene
Value 15
Heptamethylnonane