PART 2: Worldview to Greece

Question 1

Cosmogony

Answer 1

Story of creation of universe
Different throughout each ancient culture but they all contain
-a move from chaos to order
-a beginning that contains water

Question 2

Tanak

Answer 2

The Jewish holy book
T=Torah=law
N=Nevi’im=prophets
K=Ketuvim=writings

Question 3

Original Sin

Answer 3

The sin was Eve, then Adam eating from the forbidden Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil
The world became cursed as a cosequence
Cements the Jewish God as a father figure that one should seek to atone to

Question 4

Covenant

Answer 4

A legally binding agreement between 2 parties
4 Major Covenants
-Noaic=God will never flood the earth again
-Abrahamic-Abraham is the father of many gens
-Mosaic=God’s people will go to the promised land
-Davidic=David has a divine line of kings

Question 5

Samsara

Answer 5

Re-death and re-birth; when you die you are reincarnated
Hindu concept of circular time and infinite lives
Where you are born into in each life is determined by the karma of your previous life
In contrast with the Jewish idea of linear time

Question 6

Harrapa

Answer 6

One of the oldest civilizations, Indus
Became an empire
Brick size confirms and shows communication and regulation
Mohenjo-Daro

Question 7

Trimurti and their symbols

Answer 7

Brahman: creator God, three faces
Vishnu: the preserver, blue and avatars
Shiva: the destroyer, snake and fire

Question 8

King Menes

Answer 8

AKA King Narmer
Unified upper and lower Egypt
First Pharoah
Symbol was the mace (power)

Question 9

Nile River

Answer 9

Egyptian’s source of fertility, communication, and trade

“Etesian Gales” give boats the ability to sail upstream

Question 10

Khufu

Answer 10

AKA Cheops
The name of the oldest and largest pyramid
Took 20 years and great craftsmanship

Question 11

Mastaba

Answer 11

Mummified bodies of the rich go in these underground tombs
Rooms for visits and shaft for escaping spirit
Foundation for Stack Mastabas-Zosur was commanded by Imotep to build the first one

Question 12

Pyramids

Answer 12

King’s chamber and queen’s chamber
Spirit shaft
Sarcophagus
Book of the Dead on the walls

Question 13

Women in Egypt

Answer 13

Most liberated women of ancient civilizations
They could…
-Ask for divorce without husband’s permission
-Own their own property and boats/businesses
-Go to court

Question 14

Herodotus

Answer 14

The first historian to record historical events with the purpose of preserving the events of his time
Wrote down the Greco-Persian wars non-biasedly

Question 15

Thucydides

Answer 15

Athenian who wrote down the history of the Peloponnesian Wars
Bc he thought it was the most important war
Recorded Pericles’ Funeral Oration

Question 16

Pericles

Answer 16

Wrote and spoke his funeral oration
Glorify Athenian culture for remembrance
Athens is the greatest even though they lost

Question 17

Socrates

Answer 17

Oral teacher-never wrote anything down; his student, Plato, wrote down what he said
Stressed the importance of being questioning
Sentenced to death by the Greek government for corrupting the minds of the youth

Question 18

Plato

Answer 18

a priori-idea first from which observations are drawn
Inductive thought
Established the Academy

Question 19

Aristotle

Answer 19

a posteriori-observation first, then things are categorized and defined
Deductive thought
Established the Lyceum

Question 20

Types of columns

Answer 20

Doric-oldest and simplest
Ionic-from Iona; top looks like a scroll
Corinthian-flora, ornate top

Question 21

Cyrus the Great

Answer 21

The first ruler of the Persian Empire
Hegemonic-conquered peoples keep their culture but pay taxes and troops
The empire becomes very strong because of this

Question 22

Zoroastrianism

Answer 22

Religion of the Persian Empire
Zoroaster=prophet
Ahura Mazda=monotheistic God
Avesta=scripture

Question 23

Phalanx

Answer 23

Dominated warfare from the Persian War-Civil War
Group of people holding spears and shields
Unbreakable and inpenetrable

Question 24

Athenian Democracy

Answer 24

Solon=wanted to abolish slavery and debt; established the Boule
Pesistratus=further diminished the aristocratic power
Cleisthenes=established deme for people’s voting power

Question 25

Battle of Salamis

Answer 25

A naval battle that leads to Plataea
These are the definitive defeats of Persia
Use of Triremes-boats with 3 levels of oars

Question 26

Delian League

Answer 26

The Athenians
Fought against the Peloponnesian League
Lost the war

Question 27

Peloponnesian Wars

Answer 27

Athens and Sparta on the rise
Sparta (Peloponnesian League) was military focused so they won
Sparta doesn’t know how to rule so Greece dissipates

Question 28

Alexander the Great

Answer 28

Macedonian ruler at 20
Conquered from Greece to India
Never lost a battle

Question 29

Jesus of Nazareth

Answer 29

The self-proclaimed son of God
He had twelve disciples and taught moral, yet unethical and subversive things
Sentence to death by crucifixion
Believed to be the fulfillment of the Davidic Covenant and the solution to original sin

Question 30

Beatitudes

Answer 30

AKA The Sermon on the Mount
Jesus gave it to extend hope to all
Contains the repeated phrase: “blessed are the…., for they will…..”

Question 31

The Great Commission

Answer 31

The ending of Matthew
Jesus tells his followers to spread the good news
Leads to Christian “recruitment”