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EAM > Part 2 - EA Modelling: ArchiMate, Views and Viewpoints, Analysis of EA Models > Flashcards

Part 2 - EA Modelling: ArchiMate, Views and Viewpoints, Analysis of EA Models Flashcards

1
Q

What are the drivers of the need for an integrated architecture language?

A

Or why ARIS, BPMN, UML don’t fit:

  • Poor definition of relationship between domains (views).
  • Poor alignment of layers.
  • Situation in paxis = no standard…
    • leading to misunderstanding and usage of “own” languages.
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2
Q

What does the service concept and concept of layering mean and how is ArchiMate generally designed?

A
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3
Q

Which are the main layers and their respective purposes of ArchiMate?

A
  • Business layer
  • Application layer
  • Technology layer
  • Implementation & Migration layer
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4
Q

What are the ArchiMate modeling dimensions?

A
  • External (services, interfaces) - Internal
  • Collective (interaction, collaboration) - Individual
  • Structural (active, passive) - Behavioral
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5
Q

What is the difference between structural and behavioral elements?

A

Structural elements can be active or passive and can represent business actors or data objects.

Behavioral elements (like processes, functions) represent the behavior performed by actors (active structural elements).

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6
Q

What are the main concepts on the different layers and what is their respective purpose?

A

Business layer:

  • offers products and services to external customers, which are realized in the organization by business processes.

Application layer:

  • supports the business layer with application services which are realized by (software) applications functions and components.

Technology layer:

  • offers infrastructural services (e.g. processing, storage and communication services) needed to run applications, realized by computer and communication devices and system software.
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7
Q

How are the three layers of ArchiMate interconnected?

A

They are interconected through services.

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8
Q

What are the posibilites of modeling:

interconnection

cooperation

collaboration

between elements on each layer?

A
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9
Q

How can the (main) elements of ArchiMate be related to one another?

A

Relations can be done through (see picture):

  • Association
  • Access
  • Used by
  • Realisation
  • Flow
  • Triggering
  • Specialization
  • Assignment
  • Aggregation
  • Composition
  • Grouping
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10
Q

Which elements and relations regard behavioural aspects and which regard structural aspects?

A
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11
Q

What are the two extensions to ArchiMate?

A
  1. Motivation Extension
  2. Implementation and Migration Extension
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12
Q

How does the meta-model of ArchiMate (in its entirety) looks like?

A

It depicts all the possible interactions between the elements of the Business, Application and Technology layers (see picture).

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13
Q

Regarding ArchiMate, what are views and viewpoints?

A

A view is governed by its viewpoint: the viewpoint establishes the conventions for construction, interpreting and analyzing the view to address concerns framed by that viewpoint.

A viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for constructing and using views.

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14
Q

For which purposes are viewpoints defined on an architecture?

A

A viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for constructing and using views.

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15
Q

How can viewpoints generally be classified?

How do the classification dimensions look like?

A

Viewpoints can be classified by:

  1. Purpose:
    • ​​Designing
    • Deciding = decision making
    • Informing
  2. Content:
    • ​​Details = one layer
    • Coherence = multi layers or multi aspects
    • Overview = multi layers and multi aspects
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16
Q

How do general guidelines for the creation of viewpoins look like?

A

A general guideline follows:

  1. Scoping
  2. Creation of views
  3. Validation
  4. Obtaining commitmen (if applicable)
  5. Informing
17
Q

What application scenarios exist for model analysis?

A
18
Q

What 8 analysis types does Niemann introduce?

A
  1. Dependency Analysis
  2. Coverage Analysis
  3. Interface Analysis
  4. Heterogeneity Analysis
  5. Complexity Analysis
  6. Compliancy Analysis
  7. Cost Analysis
  8. Benefit Analysis
19
Q

From the 8 analysis types introduced by Niemann:

What is the aim of each type?

What are typical questions?

A
  1. Dependency Analysis
    • What elements will be affected when “X” is replaced?
  2. Coverage Analysis
    • Find redundancy or gaps in IT support (landscape map)
  3. Interface Analysis
    • Interconnection of systems? Interfaces on standards?
  4. Heterogeneity Analysis
    • How many different technologies for the same problem exist?
  5. Complexity Analysis
    • How many ERP systems are deployed in total?
  6. Compliancy Analysis
    • Compliance with Government regulations?
    • ——– Functional / Non-functional ——–
  7. Cost Analysis
    • Cost for using “X”?
  8. Benefit Analysis
    • Contribution of app “X” to the enterprise goals?
20
Q

What are the (5) dimensions of analysis?

A

The 5 dimensions of analysis are:

  1. Body of analysis
  2. Time Reference
  3. Analysis Techniques
  4. Analysis Concerns
  5. Self Reference
21
Q

How does a Gap analysis work?

What are the possible results of comparing two artifacts?

A
  • Included
  • Potential match
  • Eliminated: intentionally, unintentionally
  • Gap: to be deployed
22
Q

Draw a general gap analysis matrix and explain its structure:

A
23
Q

How do ArchiMate models have to be structured in order to perform a quantitative analysis?

(e.g. how does the general model structure looks like?)

A
  • Norm to Sec
  1. Assumption: Services realized by exact one internal behaviour (e.g. function)
  2. Assupmtion: Internal behaviour elements (e.g. functions) can be assigned to max of one resource (e.g. application component)
24
Q

Which quantitative input has to be provided in order to perform a quantitative analysis?

A

A quantitative analysis needs 3 inputs:

  • Arrival frequency
  • Service Time S
  • Capacity R of resources
25
Q

Which are the steps in a quantitative analysis?

Which measures are calculated in these steps?

A
  1. Workload (top-down approach)
  2. TUR (bottom-up approach)
    • Processing time T
    • Utilization U
    • Response time R

(see image with formulas)

26
Q

Regarding the quantitative analysis:

How do normalized models have to look like?

A
27
Q

Regarding the quantitative analysis:

How does workload propagate from top layers to bottom layers (top-down calculation)?

How is the workload calculated?

A
  • Workload (top-down approach)
28
Q

Regarding the quantitative analysis:

Which time-related performance measures are propagated in the bottom-up calculation?

How are these measures calculated?

A
  • TUR (bottom-up approach)
    • Processing time T
    • Utilization U
    • Response time R
29
Q

What is the general aim of the quantitative analysis?

A
  • Find overloads or bottlenecks
  • Check if response time at top level (customer contact) is sufficient to satisfy customer needs.

EAM (4 decks)

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