Part 2 Flashcards
What was the second continental congress?
All colonies and georgia joining together against britain
What was the Olive Branch Petition?
- Ceasefire in boston
- Repeal coercive act
- Negotiate american rights
What happened at the Battle of Breeds Hill?
hills taken by militia
What happened at the Battle of Bunker Hill?
retaken by british with 1,154 casualties out of 2200
Who is Thomas Paine?
Supported the revolution against britain and writer of “common sense”
What was “Common Sense”?
A pamphlet written by Thomas Payne arguing that monarchy is a bad form of government and colonists don’t need England.
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Who was Colonel Henry Knox?’
brought captured British cannons from Ticonderoga to Boston and became the first secretary of war
Who was General William Howe?
Commander for the british army from 1776 - 1778
Who was Marquis De Lafayette?
A french noble who joined washington’s army
Who was Friedrich Von Steuben?
prussian soldier who trained the continental army and made the blue book
Who was Lord Charles Cornwallis?
Commander of a British field army and won 3 battles against Greene but with major casualties
Who was General Nathaniel Greene?
Part of the continental army who wore down cornwallis’ army
Who was Admiral Richard Howe
A British naval officer older brother of William
Why was Ben Franklin important to the revolution?
An ambassador to France, got them to support the colonists and signed the Declaration of Independence
Who was General Henry Clinton?
British General who took Savannah; William Howe’s replacement
Who was General Horatio Gates?
American general who Took down John Burgoyne at Saratoga then sent south to deal with Cornwallis where he was defeated and ran away
Who was Ethan Allen
An american general who took down Ticonderoga without a shot along with Benedict Arnold
Why was George Washington important to the revolution?
His military experience allowed him to hold everything together in the army.
How many colonists were loyalists/Tories During the revolution?
20%
Why did some colonists side with England during the revolution?
For their property
Who did the most Native Americans side with in the revolutionary war? Why?
The british, to protect their territory
Who committed the worst atrocities during the revolution? Who were they committed against?
americans vs americans
What advantages did colonists have during the revolution?
Allies, home field, victory condition was to draw
What advantages did the British have during the revolution?
The empire on their side, money, army, navy
What disadvantages did colonists have during the revolution?
Army, navy, money
What disadvantages did the British have during the revolution?
Victory condition was to take everything
What happened at the Battle of Trenton?
Christmas night marbleheaders brought most of army across delaware to attack germans at Trenton captured 91% of their troops
What happened at the Battle of Saratoga?
Turning point for continental army; Gates and Arnold went up against Burgoyne
What happened at the Battle of Brandywine Creek?
british defeat continental army and took philadelphia
What happened at the Battle of Camden?
worst american/militia Defeat of war ; gates rode away
What happened at the Battle of Princeton
GW attacks british garrison Killed or captured ⅓ of british troops; Washington had only 40 casualties
What happened at the Battle of Germantown?
washington tried to retake philly, took 20% casualties
What happened at the Battle of Monmouth CourtHouse?
clinton’s army marching back to NJ, GW attacked clinton, proved jon steuben’s training worked
What happened at the Battle of Yorktown?
The last major battle of the war; British surrender
What happened at the Paris Peace Talks in 1782?
The war ended and Britain recognized the U.S as an independent nation
How did the Revolution affect women?
Single white women gained some legal and political rights
