Part 2 Flashcards
Physiology is most accurately described as a study of the functions of ______structures.
Body
The largest organ of the body is the______.
Skin
_________ of the skin include hair, nails, sweat and oil glands.
Appendages
_________ removes and depletes lipids.
Exfoliation
The skin protects against outside elements and ________.
Microorganisms
The barrier function of the skin includes the ________.
Acid mantle.
The average pH of the acid mantle is____.
5.5
______ stands for transepidermal water loss.
TEWL
The interstellar cement between epidermal cells is made up of_______.
Lipids
The immune cells that mature in the thymus gland and attack virus-infected cells, foreign cells and cancer cells are the_____.
T-cells
Sensory nerve fibers are most abundant in the _______.
Fingertips
The average body’s internal thermostat is set at ____ degrees Fahrenheit.
98.6
_______ glands excrete perspiration.
Sudoriferous
The _______ glands excrete Sebum.
Sebaceous
Some states define the esthetician scope of practice as “not beyond the DEJ”, which means that the estheticians are to treat the _____ only.
Epidermis
About 95% of the epidermis is made up of ________.
Keratinocytes
The clear cells is the most accurate description of the ____________.
Stratum lucidum
______ days is the average adult skin turnover rate.
28
_______ is the shedding of keratinocytes from the skin.
Desquamation
________ cells are fat, scaly cells.
Squamous
The stratum lucid is located just below the _________.
Stratum corneum
The ______ are the part of the body where skin is the thickest.
Palms
Keratin and intercellular lipids are formed in the __________.
Stratum granulosum
The stratum germinativum is the layer of skin that contains______.
Melanocytes
_______ occurs in the stratum germinativum layer of the skin.
Mitosis
Melanocytes is the basal layer produced ______ granules.
Pigment
The thickest layer of the skin is called the ______.
Dermis
The two layers of the dermis are the ________ and reticular.
Papillary
______ is it technical term for a nail.
Onyx
It takes 4 to 6 months for a _______ to fully grow out.
Fingernail
Stretch marks are caused by ______ elastin fibers
Damaged
The primary cause of wrinkles is the damage and loss of _____.
Elastin
Subcutis, or ____ tissue, is found below the reticular layer in the dermis.
Adipose
Stratum ______ is NOT a layer of the epidermis.
Epithelium
If you have _________ you have an inflammation of the follicle.
Folliculitis
_______ nerve simulate the arrestor pili muscles.
Motor
Differences in genetic skin color are due to the amount of ______ activated in the skin.
Melanin
Products that suppress melanin production by interrupting biochemical processes are referred to as ______________.
Tyrosinase inhibitors
Apocrine glands are most active during ______changes.
Emotional
_____ need protection, nourishment, and ability to function in order to survive.
Cells
Alpha hydroxy acid stimulate _______.
Cell turnover
UV rays have the greatest _____ effect on the skin.
Aging
_______ are known as burning ray because they cause burning, tanning, aging, and cancer.
UBV
Approximately 80 to 85% of aging is caused by __________.
Sun exposure
As _____depletes, skin begins to lose its tone.
Estrogen
The main function of_______ nerve fibers is to regulate excretion from the sweat glands and control sebum output.
Secretory
________ are made up of neurons that form a network of pathways for conducting information.
Nerves
Nerve fibers send messages to the _______ nervous system and brain to react to heat and cold.
Central
________ glands are not considered to sweat glands by some medical authorities because their openings connect to oil glands instead of pore openings.
Apocrine
The ______ system controls the excretion of sweat.
Nervous
The _______ glance secrete oil and the _______ glands secrete sweat.
Sebaceous
Sudoriferous
The loss of access fluid may lead to __________ in the body.
Dehydration
Nerves are cord like bundles of fibers made up of ______ throughout which sensory stimuli pass.
Neurons
The greatest sebaceous glands are found on the _______.
Face
Free radicals take electrons from compounds in the body. However________ is not considered an antioxidant.
Collagen
Glycation, and intrinsic part of the age process is caused by a rise in the_________.
Blood sugar
Estheticians can suggest hormone replacement therapy to a client experiencing ______ to balance their estrogen level.
Menopause
