Part 2

Question 1

What are the Four Turbulent forces that shook the 16th and 17th centuries?

Answer 1

Reformation/counter-reformation
The scientific revolution/the “new science”
“New World” exploration
The revival of ancient skepticism

Question 2

What are the four “doubt-makers” of the first meditation?

Answer 2

Sense-perceptual error
Dreams
The deceiver God
The evil Demon

Question 3

Method of Doubt?

Answer 3

Doubting whatever can be doubted until you reach something certain if possible

Question 4

What is “Cogito” argument

Answer 4

“I think therefore I am”

Question 5

what is Descartes third meditation proof of existence ?

Answer 5

He believes that the eternal and all knowing substance that many know as their God is an idea that someone has put inside his mind called “Mark of Craftsman”

Question 6

Problem of error ?

Answer 6

why as humans we make many mistakes if God is the all knowing God and It like Gos is leading us to error and could be a deceiver.

Question 7

Problem of religious error?

Answer 7

2/3rds of the world does not believe in God

Question 8

Descartes argument about material objects?

Answer 8

knowing the material goods and if they exist. Since God is not a deceiver then the observation of the materials are real

Question 9

What is dualism?

Answer 9

The view of two distinct kinds of substance (extended& non- extended)

Question 10

Pineal Gland?

Answer 10

location of where in the mind and body interact

Question 11

Main characters ?

Answer 11

Cleanthes-philosophical natural theologian
Demea-Faith
Philo-Problem & Objection

Question 12

What is the Design argument ?

Answer 12

That God exist and that he design this world

Question 13

what is the analogy of design argument?

Answer 13

the world is also the product of design

Question 14

What is BIV hypothesis ?

Answer 14

The brain in a vat hypothesis come from the thought or idea that your brain is in a labratory somewhere &signals are being sent.

Question 15

How is your sensory knowledge (BIV)

Answer 15

It helps with the senses for us to be able to feel. for example like the wind. An example of people that can not believe in BIV is someone that try to kill themselves.

Question 16

How did Descartes claim of Cogito

Answer 16

“even when trying to doubt your own existence I would be the one”

Question 17

Barrel of the apples metephor

Answer 17

one bad apple can spread to the other apples; so descartes believes one must doubt that all are bad until you come across a belief that you cannot doubt

Question 18

CIP

Answer 18

if the mind and body are distinct substances

Question 19

Philo’s explanatory regress objection and why

Answer 19

That there is no way to answer who created God and so on because it is infinite and this is because similar to the world resting on the elephant which is adding another question: who created God

Question 20

What is Philo’s “underdetermination argument and what is philo response ?

Answer 20

argues whether the designer is the christian God or could be someone else. His response is that if there no evidence then its all depended on faith

Question 21

The problem of evil

Answer 21

argument for athesim because it states that if God exist there should be no evil. (God is Omminscient and omnibenevolent ) both God and evil exist

Question 22

Deism

Answer 22

Divine Force, a neutral energy, an absentee landlord