Part 2 Flashcards
What are the Four Turbulent forces that shook the 16th and 17th centuries?
Reformation/counter-reformation
The scientific revolution/the “new science”
“New World” exploration
The revival of ancient skepticism
What are the four “doubt-makers” of the first meditation?
Sense-perceptual error
Dreams
The deceiver God
The evil Demon
Method of Doubt?
Doubting whatever can be doubted until you reach something certain if possible
What is “Cogito” argument
“I think therefore I am”
what is Descartes third meditation proof of existence ?
He believes that the eternal and all knowing substance that many know as their God is an idea that someone has put inside his mind called “Mark of Craftsman”
Problem of error ?
why as humans we make many mistakes if God is the all knowing God and It like Gos is leading us to error and could be a deceiver.
Problem of religious error?
2/3rds of the world does not believe in God
Descartes argument about material objects?
knowing the material goods and if they exist. Since God is not a deceiver then the observation of the materials are real
What is dualism?
The view of two distinct kinds of substance (extended& non- extended)
Pineal Gland?
location of where in the mind and body interact
Main characters ?
Cleanthes-philosophical natural theologian
Demea-Faith
Philo-Problem & Objection
What is the Design argument ?
That God exist and that he design this world
what is the analogy of design argument?
the world is also the product of design
What is BIV hypothesis ?
The brain in a vat hypothesis come from the thought or idea that your brain is in a labratory somewhere &signals are being sent.
How is your sensory knowledge (BIV)
It helps with the senses for us to be able to feel. for example like the wind. An example of people that can not believe in BIV is someone that try to kill themselves.
How did Descartes claim of Cogito
“even when trying to doubt your own existence I would be the one”
Barrel of the apples metephor
one bad apple can spread to the other apples; so descartes believes one must doubt that all are bad until you come across a belief that you cannot doubt
CIP
if the mind and body are distinct substances
Philo’s explanatory regress objection and why
That there is no way to answer who created God and so on because it is infinite and this is because similar to the world resting on the elephant which is adding another question: who created God
What is Philo’s “underdetermination argument and what is philo response ?
argues whether the designer is the christian God or could be someone else. His response is that if there no evidence then its all depended on faith
The problem of evil
argument for athesim because it states that if God exist there should be no evil. (God is Omminscient and omnibenevolent ) both God and evil exist
Deism
Divine Force, a neutral energy, an absentee landlord
