part 1 topic 3

Question 1

where do the spartacists lie?

Answer 1

left wing

Question 2

who were the spartacists led by?

Answer 2

rosa luxembourg and karl liebknecht

Question 3

when was the spartacist revolt?

Answer 3

january 1919

Question 4

3 strengths of spartacists

Answer 4

-money and support from russia
-40,000 members
-published 33 daily newspapers

Question 5

why did they revolt?

Answer 5

ebert sacked the police chief of berlin

Question 6

describe the spartacist revolut

Answer 6

• communist uprising aiming to take over Berlin
• they took control of important buildings like newspaper headquarters, and 50,000 workers went on strike in support

Question 7

how did the weimar government respond?

Answer 7

-ebert sent in the freikorps to stop the protests
-luxembourg and liebknecht were arrested and shot

Question 8

where did the freikorps lie?

Answer 8

right wing

Question 9

who were the freikorps?

Answer 9

-ex-ww1 soldiers who returned to germany with their weapons

Question 10

how many freikorps were there?

Answer 10

250,000

Question 11

when was the kapp putsch?

Answer 11

march 1920

Question 12

who led the kapp putsch?

Answer 12

wolfgang kapp

Question 13

why did the freikorps challenge the weimar republic?

Answer 13

-ebert needed them but they were getting too powerful
-they were arresting and beating up communists on the street
-ebert wanted to reduce their size

Question 14

describe the kapp putsch

Answer 14

freikorps marched into berlin and attempted to push ebert out of power

Question 15

how did ebert stop the freikorp take over?

Answer 15

-regular army refused to attack them
-so government asked workers to strike
-they did strike, bringing the country to a halt and kapp was forced to retreat
-proved he didn’t have enough support

Question 16

describe the red rising

Answer 16

-In 1920, a communist group (the Red army) made from 50,000 workers occupied the Ruhr and controlled the raw materials
- the German army and the Freikorps crushed the workers - over 1000 were killed

Question 17

describe political assassinations

Answer 17

-376 of left-wing politicians
-however not one right-wing murderer was sentenced
-because many of the judges were right-wing and biased
-proves that even the judges undermined the weimar republic

Question 18

why did the spartacist rebelliom fail?

Answer 18

the uprising was badly planned as the spartacists didn’t get support from the other left-wing groups

Question 19

Describe the threat that the Red Rising posed

Answer 19

• took control of Germany’s raw materials and main economic area, so posed an economic threat
• the Red Army had weak leadership and no clear plan
• some demonstrations over next few years, but nothing seriously threatened the government
• was a threat in 1919 when government was most vulnerable, but easily defeated by the Freikorps

Question 20

describe hitler’s early career 1914

Answer 20

-joined the german army and fought in ww1
-received the iron cross for bravery twice

Question 21

describe hitler’s early career 1918

Answer 21

-the army used him to spy on political parties to discover any threats
-regularly attended meetings of the german worker’s party (DAP)

Question 22

describe hitler’s early career 1919

Answer 22

-hitler joined the german worker’s party (DAP) as he liked their ideas
-they had little money and few members

Question 23

who was the leader of the DAP when hitler joined?

Answer 23

anton drexler

Question 24

describe hitler’s early career 1920

Answer 24

-hitler became head of the DAP’s propaganda
-hitler changes the party name to gain wider support to NSDAP (nazi party)
-the NSDAP starts to use its logo (swastika and salute) to make the party stand out
-bought their own newspaper

Question 25

describe hitler’s early career 1921

Answer 25

-hitler contested with drexler for the leadership of the NSDAP and won
-hitler created the SA (stormtroopers)

Question 26

describe hitler’s early career 1922

Answer 26

-hitler stopped the election of leaders to the NSDAP which left him as leader without challenge

Question 27

how did hitler take over the DAP party in 3 years (acronym)

Answer 27

BLAST
brownshirts
leadership skills
twenty five point programme
strategy/strong ideas
appeal

Question 28

brownshirts

Answer 28

-kept control of his own party by using the SA led by ernst rohm
-ex-soldiers who were paid by the nazis
-controlled crowds at meetings and removed opposition
-made NSDAP look strong and official

Question 29

leadership skills

Answer 29

-elected leader of party in 1921 due to popularity
-brought in his own supporters to help him

Question 30

appeal

Answer 30

-talented public speaker
-rehearsed his speeches to sound passionate, powerful and attract attention
-hand gestures and eye contact
-knew the power of propaganda

Question 31

strategy/strong ideas

Answer 31

-set up a permanent office
-better at raising money for the party
-changed name of party to include ‘nationalist’ and ‘socialist’ to broaden its appeal
-used swastika as logo
-bought own newspaper

Question 32

twenty five point programme

Answer 32

-destroy weimar government
-re-gain land lost after ww1
-remove democracy
-to make a bigger army
-ignore the treaty
-remove jews and unite all germans