part 1 nuc phys Flashcards
what is Bohr’s model of the atom?
positively charged nucleus with electrons orbiting around it.
what is used to measure nuclear mass?
mass spectrometer
what is nuclear masses measured in
”atomic mass
units” u
what does 1 u equal
931.4941Mev/c^2
what makes Nuclear masses and Atomic masses different
Atomic masses include the electrons and atomic
binding energy
what does the first minimum gives us ?
the
charge radius of the nucleus.
radaii obey the rule
R=R0A^1/3
what binds the protons and neutrons together?
Strong Force
what has the most stable nucleus, with the highest binding energy per nucleon.
Iron
what happens when Nuclei heavier than Iron want to
break apart to become more stable.
Fission
what happens when Nuclei lighter than Iron want to join
together to become more stable.
fusion
what is an isotope?
same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons and thus
different atomic mass number
what is an Isobars?
nuclides with the same atomic mass number but different numbers of protons and neutrons
what is a Isotones?
nuclides with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons and atomic mass number
shells occur at nucleon numbers
2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 128, 184
what are nuclear magic numbers
a nuclide
with this number of protons or neutrons will be more stable
uses of alpha radation
smoke detectors,energy sources for satellites and space probes, radio therapy
uses of beta decay
Positron Emission Tomography (PET), paper
manufacture
uses of gamma rays
Radiotherapy,Neutron Activation Analysis , Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB)
do alpha particles loose or gain energy via ionistation
loose
do beta particles loose or gain energy via ionistation,Bremsstrahlung,Møller or Bhabha scattering,
loose
energy loss of gamma and x rays
The Photoelectric effect,Compton Scattering,Pair Production
unit of radioactive activiyu
Bq
unit of absorbed dose
Sv
unit of equivalent dose
Sv
unit of Effective Dose
SV
One Step Decays A → B with B stable
NB=N0(1-e^-lamdat)
One Step Decays A → B or C with B, C stable
NB=lambdaN0te^-lamdat
or
NC=N0(1-(1+lamdat)e^-lamdat)
what is q valie
kfinal-kinitial
what is the kinetic energy threshold
The minimum kinetic energy that this /-
particle needs to make the reaction happen
