part 1: medieval medicine Flashcards
1
Q
describe the idea of the four humours
A
- blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile
- when all properly balances, the most perfect health occurs
- illness occurs when one of the humours is reduced or in excess
2
Q
impact of hippocrates
A
- father of medicine
- first doctor to encourage clinical observation (study symptoms and correctly diagnose illness)
- developed Hippocratic oath: still used today, in which doctors promise to treat patient best
- encouraged natural causes and cures
3
Q
impact of galen
A
- theory of opposites
- carried out animal dissection - NOT HUMAN as church banned it
- believed he had perfected ideas and there was no point in further medical research
- hindered advancement further as his ideas aligned with the church
- as people were highly religious, the church had so much control and people feared going against it
4
Q
theory of opposites with example
A
- treat someone with something that represents opposite of the problem
- e.g chilli for excess phlegm
5
Q
perfect design, link to church
A
- Galen carefully observed body, realised every part had a special role
- called it the perfect design
- decided that something so complex and remarkable must be design by God
6
Q
Galen statistics
A
- wrote over 60 books
- following1500 years of medical teachings was based on ideas described in his book
- 129 AD born
- dissected pigs
7
Q
Galen specific facts of his misconceptions
A
- believed that blood passed from one side of the heart to the other through tiny holes in the septum
- also said that the human jaw bone is two separate bones but it is one
8
Q
list 3 supernatural treatments
A
- astrology
- prayer
- trepanning
9
Q
list 3 natural treatments that hippocrates and galen encouraged
A
- bloodletting
- purging
- herbal remedies
10
Q
who provided treatment?
A
- wise women
- monasteries
- private physicians for the wealthy
11
Q
physicians - training, stats etc.
A
- only 100 in england, men
- trained at medical school for 7 years
- learnt work of ancient doctors
- banned dissection in training so knew little about body
12
Q
apothecary
A
- cheaper than physicians but still expensive
- trained in herbs and medicines but no qualifications
