Part 1 - Introduction

Question 1

What are the 6 phases of developing a program in C++?

Answer 1

1) Edit
2) Preprocess
3) Compile
4) Link
5) Load
6) Execute

Question 2

What is a member function?

Answer 2

A method of a class

Question 3

When is a default no argument constructor generated?

Answer 3

If we do not provide our own constructor for the class

Question 4

How many bits does a char have?

Answer 4

8

Question 5

How many bits does a short have?

Answer 5

16

Question 6

How many bits does a long have?

Answer 6

32

Question 7

How many bits does an int have?

Answer 7

Usually 32

Question 8

How many bits does a long long have?

Answer 8

64

Question 9

How many bits does a float have?

Answer 9

32

Question 10

How many bits does a double have?

Answer 10

64

Question 11

How many bits does a long double have?

Answer 11

128

Question 12

What 3 areas are data stored in during execution?

Answer 12

static area

stack

heap

Question 13

What is the static area used for?

Answer 13

Storing items whose lifetime is the duration of the program

Question 14

What is the stack used for (wrt data storage)?

Answer 14

Local variables in functions, whose lifetime is the invocation of a function

Question 15

What is the heap area used for?

Answer 15

Dynamic items whose lifetime is controlled by the programmer

Question 16

What 6 elements does a variable have?

Answer 16

Type - primitive or classes

Lifetime - how long it exists for

Scope - what can see it while it is alive

Name

Size (in memory)

Value

Question 17

What are the 5 storage classes?

Answer 17

Automatic - for local variables existing only when the block in which the variables are defined is active

Register - for local variables, fast access, rarely used

Mutable - for class members to make them always modifiable even in a const function or a member of a const object

External - to make the variable globally accessibly within the program

Static - for variables that last the entire lifetime of the program

Question 18

How many times can a static variable or class be initialised?

Answer 18

Once

Question 19

Why does the auto keyword rarely need to be used?

Answer 19

Local variables are usually stored on the stack anyway so will only be alive while the function is executing

Question 20

What constraints does a const member function have?

Answer 20

Cannot change values of members of the object to which it is applied

Question 21

What must be done with a static variable when it is declared?

Answer 21

Initialised with a value

Question 22

Where must a global variable be defined?

How is it then accessed from other files?

Answer 22

Outside of any class or function

extern int a; at the top of the file or header

Question 23

In this code fragment:

int a = 0; // global

……

int myFunc() {

char a = ‘x’;

……

};

How would the global variable be accessed from within myFunc()?

Answer 23

::a