Part 1 Flashcards
- According to Piaget’s states of moral judgement, a child younger than age ten will think which of the following is worse?
Someone who was trying to help his mother set the table and broke five dishes.
- How many stages are there of moral reasoning, according to Kohlberg?
6
- Kohlberg studied moral reasoning by using a story about a man who needed a drug for his wife’s cancer, and broke into a store to steal it since the pharmacist would not reduce the drug to a reasonable price- so the man (Heinz) could purchase it legally to treat his wife’s cancer. Heinz asked the druggist, who founded the drug and marked it up ten times, if he could pay some now and some later, but the druggist refused. Children in the first stage of moral reasoning would say:
“He can steal it because he asked first, it’s not something big and he won’t get in trouble.”
- You are seeing a nine-year-old child who had been stashing food from home in his book bag each day because his friend always said she was hungry in the morning when arriving at school. This child’s father has taken a strong stance and punished the boy, banning him for two weeks without screen time. The boy’s father says that, “You have to teach them young; otherwise, they’ll grow up to be burglars and muggers. Can’t have that now, can we?” You notice he is in which level of moral reasoning?
The second-Conventional
Throughout the conventional level, a child’s sense of morality is tied to personal and societal relationships. Children continue to accept the rules of authority figures, but this is now due to their belief that this is necessary to ensure positive relationships and societal order. Adherence to rules and conventions is somewhat rigid during these stages, and a rule’s appropriateness or fairness is seldom questioned.
- Your 12-year-old client comes in with her father. He is fed up with her “defiant” behavior, stating he needs you to “make her understand that she needs to pick up after herself and make better choices.” Your response to him should draw from a body of research suggesting:
The areas in teens’ brains that guide planning and reasoning do not fully develop until age 25.
- Which of the following is not a factor in the sleep patterns of adolescents?
Defiance
- In terms of Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning, which of his levels contain the “I’ll scratch your back if you scratch mine” reasoning?
Pre-Conventional
- According to Kohlberg’s stages or moral reasoning, those in the post-conventional stage:
Have a healthy respect for the law, but are more guided by morality.
- Which of the following is a stage of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
- Your client has asked you to see her three-year old because the child has become increasingly unreasonable. She tells you the child wants to wear her flip flops in the snow because her school shoes get wet and dirty when she wears them in the snow. If she wears her flip-flops, she can just wash them and dry her feet off when she gets wherever she’s going. In terms of psychosocial development, your best response is to tell the client to:
Have the child pick a pair of winter boots to buy and/or wear, and let her wear flip flops around the house during the winter.
- You hear the mother of your five-year-old client answer the girl’s question about sex as follows: “Oh, now, Nellie, why would someone your age want to know about something like sex? No please get out of my way and go on and play.” According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, this type of response will directly increase the child’s:
Guilt
- A 68-year-old woman is seeing you to help adjust to retirement. You come to know that she always wanted to be a teacher, but worked all her life in the family accounting business. Given her stage of psychosocial development, your best approach is:
To validate her despair, help her understand what value underlies the desire and help her find a suitable alternative to professional teaching.
- The time that premature babies spend in the neonatal intensive care units can have the most impact on their sense of:
Trust
- Your 42-year-old client has come to you for a career assessment. He states that he’s been working for a company that is very focused on their bottom line. He says that recently, he’s begun feeling like he needs to feel purposeful and “feel a part of the bigger picture of life.” He is working through which psychosocial stage?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
- “A set of linked mental representations of the world, which we use both to understand and to respond to situations” is called a(n):
Schema
- A young child points to a morbidly obese person in your waiting room as yells, “Shamu, Daddy, Shamu!” This is an example of:
Assimilation
- By correcting the boy’s misperceptions – explaining that one is a big animal and this is a person, you will help him learn:
Accommodation
- Which of the following is a false statement regarding Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory?
To some degree, culture determines the specifics of the cognitive stages of development.
- Which of the following is not a weakness in Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development?
His studies have no practical use in understanding and communicating with children, especially for the field of education.
- Your client is going through a divorce, and she is particularly concerned about her five-year-old daughter. You help her understand the importance of helping her daughter understand that the divorce had nothing to do with her. You are helping your client understand the effects of the developmental stage of:
Egocentrism
- You read a story about a family with five kids, and then ask your 7-year-old client to tell you about the family – who is older than who, etc. He asks for some paper and a pencil so he can show you. He has not yet mastered:
Inferential reasoning
- You pour a tall glass of water in a short, flat dish. A child that thinks there is less water in the flat dish has not mastered:
Conservation
- A child that takes her stuffed rabbit with her to the train station and says her bunny is scared, is demonstrating the concept of:
Animism
- You are seeing a young couple who have experienced infertility for several years, and they have finally decided to adopt. They are considering adopting a seven-year-old child from a foster parent. They tell you that this foster parent no longer wanted the child, and they inform you that the child was taken at six months of age from his mother from neglect, and he’s spent most of his seven years in group homes. They ask you your opinion of early childhood experiences on future success. You know of Bowlby’s work and tell them that according to this theory:
There is a critical period of attachment requiring a consistent caregiver, and he’s beyond this period.
- According to Bowlby, the following is false:
: The drive to attach is learned.
- Bowlby’s work is closely associated with
Lorenz
- According to Bowlby’s work, which of the following are not likely consequences of material deprivation?
Schizophrenia
