Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gas exchange - transport and control of respiration > Part 1 > Flashcards

Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the value of the atmospheric pressure?

A

760 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Partial pressures determines the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the lungs, the blood and the cells. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gas exchange does not increase the CO2 content and it does not also decrease O2 content in alveoli air. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When air is inhaled it becomes humidified due to the moist mucosal lining, this causes water content to increase and the relative percentage of oxygen decreases. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

During exhalation oxygen content is greater in air than carbon dioxide content in the alveoli air, this is because it mixes with air in the airways. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Exhaled air is not a mixture of alveolar air and air in the anatomical dead space. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

“The quantity of gas dissolving in liquid is proportional to its partial pressure and solubility.” Is this Henry’s law or Dalton’s law?

A

Henry’s law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The higher the partial pressure of a gas over a liquid and the higher the solubility, the more the gas will stay in solution. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How much Nitrogen is inhaled?

A

78.6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Little Nitrogen is dissolved at sea level due to low solubility. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the events External respiration

A
  1. Pulmonary gas exchange
  2. Diffuse of O2 to blood capillaries and CO2 in the opposite direction
  3. Each gas is moving to an area of low partial pressure
  4. Converts deoxygenated blood to oxygenated blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What events take place during Internal respiration?

A

O2 and CO2 exchange between systemic capillaries and tissue cells, also known as systemic gas exchange.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How much oxygen is used by the body during resting period?

A

25%, the rest is retained in deoxygenated blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In the systemic circulation the partial pressure of O2 decreases significantly due to gaseous exchange of oxygen from the blood into the cells and partial pressure of CO2 increases slightly. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Atmospheric partial pressure of oxygen is greater than carbon dioxide. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The partial pressures of O2 and CO2 remains the same in deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the four factors that can affect diffusion?

A
  1. Partial pressure differences - the greater the difference the faster the diffusion
  2. Surface area of gas exchange - The larger the surface area the greater the gas exchange (diseases such as emphysema will reduce this)
  3. Distance of diffusion - Thin membranes will have a rapid diffusion rate that thick membranes (diseases such as pulmonary edema will increase thickness of diffusion pathway)
  4. molecular weight and solubility - CO2 has a greater solubility to blood than O2 (In disease O2 is usually the most insufficient)
18
Q

What are the roles of erythrocytes when it comes to transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

A

Provides heamoglobin
Carbonic anhydrase
CL-HCO3 exchanger, CL shift

19
Q

The transport of gases does not occur by erythrocytes binding and it also does not occur by bulk flow. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE

20
Q

What does Fick’s law describe?

A

It describes diffusion rates

21
Q

The largest percent of CO2 is carried as HCO3 ions. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

22
Q

Partial pressure of oxygen is not the most important factor for oxygen binding and separating. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE

23
Q

What happens to oxygen dissociation curve at high and low acidity (pH)?

A

High pH - it shifts to left

Low pH - it shifts to right

24
Q

What happens to oxygen dissociation curve at high and low Temperature?

A

High temperature - shifts to right

Low temperature - shifts to the left

25
Q

What happens to oxygen dissociation curve at high and low Pco2?

A

High Pco2 - it shifts to the right

Low Pco2 - it shifts to the left

26
Q

Fetal hemoglobin has a different structure than adult hemoglobin, it binds to oxygen with greater affinity and has binds BPG with lower affinity. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

27
Q

Fetal hemoglobin does not carry 30% more oxygen than maternal hemoglobin. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE

28
Q

Terminal AAs of alpha and beta chains bind CO2 as carbaminohemoglobin. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

29
Q

70% of carbon dioxide diffuses into the red blood cells and is converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

30
Q

Bicarbonates are not exchanged for chloride ions in the plasma (this is known as the chloride shift ). TRUE OR FALSE?

A

FALSE

31
Q

What is the Haldane effect?

A

The lower the amount of oxyhemoglobin, the higher the co2 transport capacity in the blood.

32
Q

What is reverse chloride shift shift in blood plasma?

A

It is when bicarbonate ions are exchanged for one chloride ion from RBC into the plasma.

33
Q

When does chloride shift occur?

A

It occurs when blood gives up oxygen and receives carbon dioxide.

34
Q

Reverse chloride shift occurs in the lungs. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

35
Q

The chloride is used to balance charge. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

36
Q

The medulla oblongata is part of the central chemoreceptors and detects protons in the cerebrospinal fluid. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

37
Q

The peripheral chemoreceptors contains aotic bodies and carotid bodies. TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

38
Q

When does the peripheral chemoreceptor start firing?

A

When there is a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen, there will be an increase in the non carbon acid via H+

39
Q

When does the central chemoreceptor start firing?

A

When there is an increase in partial pressure of carbon dioxide.

40
Q

What does the central and peripheral do?

A

They stimulate the medullary inspiratory neurones and they increase firing of the motor neurones to diaphragm and external intercostal muscles which increases ventilation

Gas exchange - transport and control of respiration (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions