Part 1 Flashcards
1
Q
LEED is an acronym for:
A
Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design
2
Q
How many LEED points it takes to be Certified?
A
40-49 points
3
Q
How many LEED points it takes to be Silver?
A
50-59 points
4
Q
How many LEED points it takes to be Gold?
A
60-79 points
5
Q
How many LEED points it takes to be Platinum?
A
80 points and above
6
Q
LEED for New Construction (LEED NC) applies to what? [2]
A
- New commercial buildings including retail, office, institutional buildings, and hotels
- Existing buildings that include “significant envelope modifications and/or major HVAC renovations”
7
Q
LEED for Existing Buildings Operations and Maintenance (LEED EBOM) applies to what? [4]
A
- Owner occupied buildings
- Single and multi-tenant buildings
- Multiple building projects
- Buildings previously certified under LEED NC
8
Q
LEED EBOM buildings must fulfill the following: [4]
A
- Meet minimum occupancy requirements
- Be continuously occupied for at least 12 months
- Use performance periods to measure results and progress over a set amount of time
- Develop building policies
9
Q
LEED EBOM buildings need to be recertified how often?
A
They may recertify as often as every year, but must recertify at least every 5 years. Recertification fees are not as much as the initial certification fees.
10
Q
What percentage of the building should be occupied before it is considered NC instead of Core and Shell (CS)?
A
At least 50% of the building must be occupied by the owner/tenant.
11
Q
Which LEED rating system allows for pre-certification?
A
Core and Shell allows pre-certification to help project attract tenants before completion of construction.
12
Q
Which LEED rating system addresses acoustics?
A
LEED for Schools
13
Q
Which LEED rating system includes an adjustment for square footage?
A
LEED for Homes includes an adjustment for area to discourage “green” mansions.
14
Q
What are two approaches to certify multiple buildings under the Campus Program?
A
- Group Approach - allows substantially similar buildings in a single location to certify a one project
- Campus Approach - allows buildings that share a single location and site attributes to achieve separate certifications.
15
Q
What are the 7 Impact Catagories that LEED uses for point allocation?
A
- Climate change
- Health and well-being
- Water resources
- Biodiversity and ecosystems
- Material resource cycles
- Green economy
- Social equity, environmental justice, and community quality of life
16
Q
That is the difference between the USGBC and the GBCI?
A
US Green Building Council is the nonprofit which created the nonprofit Green Building Certification Institute which administer the exams and reviews documentation for LEED projects.
17
Q
What are the minimum program requirements?
A
- Permanent location on existing land
- Use reasonable LEED boundries
- Comply with project size requirements (1,000 SF for BD+C and EBOM; 250 SF for ID+C)
18
Q
Are projects that are primarily parking eligible for LEED?
A
No
19
Q
What might be affected by the LEED site boundry? (2)
A
- Protect or restore habitat
2. Light pollution reduction
20
Q
What are the benefits of the IPD process?
A
Integrated Project Delivery provides streamlined communication, cost control, reduced construction time, and ability to link schedule, phasing, and sequencing
21
Q
What does “Triple Bottom Line” refer to?
A
Profit, Planet, and People AKA Economic, Environmental, and Social Responsibility
22
Q
Which 3 team members play the largest role in the IPD process?
A
The Owner, Architect, and Contractor
23
Q
What information is required when registering a LEED project? (9)
A
- Title
- Address and location
- Anticipated start and end of construction
- Rating system
- Number of projects
- Gross project SF
- Confidential?
- Project type
- Anticipated certification
24
Q
What are the phases of the Integrative Process?
A
- Discovery (Pre-design)
- Design and Construction (Implementation)
- Occupancy, Operations, and Performance Feedback
25
What is Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)?
The way to assess the environmental impacts associated with the all the stages of a product, process or service.
26
What is Life Cycle Costing (LCC)?
Total cost of building or product over it's useful lifetime.
27
What are the project registration costs?
$900 member / $1200 non-members
28
What are the project certification costs based on?
Membership and project size
29
Are Credit Interpretation Requests and Credit Appeals included in the application fee?
No, they require a fee.
30
The person who registers the project will be automatically assigned what role?
Project Team Administrator
31
What additional documentation is required beyond what is needed for the credits? (6)
1. Project site plan
2. Building floor plans
3. Elevations
4. Project Rendering
5. Project Description
6. Photos of Completed Project
32
What is a Credit Interpretation Request (CIR)?
It's the way to request technical and administrative guidance on how LEED credits apply to the project.
33
What is a way to approve an Innovation in Design credit in advance?
Credit Interpretation Request (CIR) could be used to approve an Innovation in Design credit in advance.
34
Who reviews Credit Interpretation Requests (CIR)?
Technical Advisory Group (TAG)
35
LEED Interpretation are similar to CIRs, but they differ in one respect.
LEED Interpretations are precedent setting.
36
How long does the initial review take?
25 business days
37
What are status can be assigned to each item.
Achieved, Denied, Pending Clarification
38
How long does the team have to provide documentation or appeal a final ruling?
25 days
39
Can the applicant appeal?
Yes, for $500 per credit.
40
What process uses cross-discipline design and decision making, beginning in the programming and pre-design phase.
Integrative Process
41
IP Prereq 1: Integrative Project Planning and Design is required for which LEED catagory?
LEED Healthcare
42
IP Prereq 1: Integrative Project Planning and Design - What is the minimum requirement?
Develop a health mission statement and incorporate it into the "Owner's Project Requirements".
43
IP Credit 1: What building inputs are targeted for the Integrative Process for this credit?
Energy and water systems
44
LT Credit 1: LEED for Neighborhood Development Location - What is the requirement?
Locate project with the boundary of a development certified under LEED for Neighborhood Development.
45
LT Credit 2: Sensitive Land Protection - What is the requirement?
Locate the development footprint on previously developed or is not sensitive land. This includes prime farmland, floodplains, habitat, water bodies and wetlands.
46
LT Credit 3: High-Priority Site - What is the requirement?
Locate the project in: Historic District, Priority Designated Site, or Brownfield.
47
LT Credit 4: Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses - What is the requirement?
Option 1 - Surrounding Density - Locate one site whose surrounding existing 1/4 mile density meets parameters.
Option 2: Diverse Uses - Construct or renovate a building or a space in a building so that the main entrance is within 1/2 mile walking distance of 4 to 7 (1 point) or 8 or more 9 (2 point) existing and publicly available diverse uses.
48
LT Credit 4: Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses - What are the categories of diverse uses.
Food Retail, Community-serving retail, Services, Civic and community facilities, and Community anchor uses
49
LT Credit 5: Access to Quality Transit - Describe Credit
Locate any entry within 1/4 mile of bus, streetcar, or rides are stops or within 1/2 mile walking distance of existing or planned bus rapid stops, light or heavy rail stations, commuter rail stations, or commuter ferry terminals.
50
LT Credit 6: Bicycle Facilities - Describe Credit (3)
- Design or locate the project so that the entry or bike storage is within 200 yards travel distance from a bike network.
- Provide bike storage for 2.5% of all peak visitors, but no fewer than 4 storage spaces per building.
- Provide at least 1 shower per first 100 and additional shower for every additional 150 regular building occupants.
51
LT Credit 7: Reduced Parking Footprint - Describe credit
Provide parking capacity that does not exceed minimum local code requirements, and the capacity should be below the ratios recommended by the Parking Consultants Council.
52
LT Credit 8: Green Vehicles - Describe credit
Designate 5% of all parking spaces used by the project as preferred parking for green vehicles. Discounted parking rate of 20% is an acceptable alternative. Also provide electric charging or alternative vehicle refueling for 2% of all vehicles.
53
Who setting the minimum rating for green vehicles and what is the minimum rating?
The American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE).
54
SS Prerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution Prevention - Describe credit
Implement an Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan that addresses:
- Soil loss
- Sedimentation of storm sewer or streams.
- Airborne dust
55
SS Credit 1: Site Assessment - Describe credit (7)
Complete and document site assessment with the following:
- Topography
- Hydrology
- Climate
- Vegetation
- Soils
- Human use
- Human health effects
56
SS Credit 2: Site Development - Protect or Restore Habitat - Describe credit
Preserve and protect from development and construction activity a percentage of the greenfield area on the site and restore 30% of site that was previously developed or provide financial support to a regional land trust.
57
SS Credit 3: Open Space - Describe credit
Provide a physically accessible outdoor space greater that or equal to 30% of total site.
58
SS Credit 4: Rainwater Management - Describe credit
Option 1 - Percentile of Rainfall Events: Manage runoff for the development of the site for a certain percentile of rainfall.
Option 2 - Natural Land Cover Conditions: Manage the annual increase in runoff volume from the natural land cover condition to the final developed site with bios sales, retention ponds, green roofs, pervious paving, rainwater catchment and mechanical treatment systems.
59
SS Credit 5: Heat Island Reduction - Describe credit
Option 1
- Non-roof options - Shade paving with plants, solar panels, reflective structures, open pavers, or reflective paving.
- High-reflectance roof
- Vegetated roof
Option 2 - Parking under cover
Place a minimum of 75% of parking under cover.
60
SS Credit 6: Light Pollution Reduction - Describe credit
Meet requirements minimizing uplight and light trespass
61
WE Prerequisite 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction
Option 1 - No irrigation required
- Show that the landscape doesn't need irrigation beyond the initial 2 year establishment period
Option 2 - Reduced Irrigation
- Reduce the project's landscape water requirements by at least 30% from the calculated irrigation baseline.
62
WE Prerequisite 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction - Describe credit
- Building water use - reduce aggregated water consumption by 20% from the baseline
- Appliance and process water use - install appliances, equipment, and processes that meeting requirements in the LEED Reference Manual.
63
WE Prerequisite 3: Building-level Water Metering - Describe credit
Install permanent water meters that measure the total potable water use for the building and associated grounds, and commit to sharing water data with USGBC for a five-year period from project certification.
64
WE Credit 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction - Describe credit
Option 1 - No irrigation required
- Show that the landscape doesn't need irrigation beyond the initial 2 year establishment period
Option 2 - Reduced Irrigation
- Reduce the project's landscape water requirements by at least 50% from the calculated irrigation baseline.
65
WE Credit 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction - Describe credit
Reduce fixture and fitting water use further than prerequisite 20%.
66
WE Credit 3: Cooling Tower Water Use - Describe credit
Conduct a one-time potable water analysis.
67
WE Credit 4: Water Metering - Describe credit
Install permanent water meters for 2 or more subsystems
68
How often does man visit the bathroom in a day according to LEED?
Three times
69
What are the largest energy users in a building?
HVAC and lighting
70
EA Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning and Verification - Describe Credit
1. Review the OPR, BOD and project design.
2. Develop and implement a Cx plan
3. Confirm icorporation of CX requirements into the CDs.
4. Develop construction checklists.
5. Develop a system test procedure.
6. Verify system test execution.
7. Maintain an issues and benefits log thoughtout the Cx process.
8. Prepare a final Cx process report.
9. Document all finding and recommendations and report directly to owner throughout the process.
71
EA Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning and Verification - What systems need to be commissioned?
- HVAC and refrigeration
- Lighting, artificial and natural
- Hot water
- Renewable energy
72
EA Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning and Verification - What are the qualifications of the commissioning agent?
- Experience with two prior projects
| - may on be part of the design or construction team
73
What is the OPR?
Owner's Project Requirements
74
What is the Basis of Design?
Developed by the design team in response to the OPR.
75
What is Retro-commissioning?
Evaluating and adjusting an existing facility to improve efficiency.
76
EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy Performance - Describe credit
- LEED EBOM must meet a minimum Energy Star score.
| - LEED NC requires a 5% improvement in proposed building performance
77
EA Prerequisite 3: Building-Level Energy Metering - Describe credit
Provide building level metering for all energy inputs and share data with USGBC for five-year period.
78
EA Prerequisite 4: Fundamental Refrigerant Management - Describe credit
Do not us CFC in HVAC&R systems. If reusing existing equipment, convert equipment to eliminate CFCs.
79
What are halons?
Substance used in fire suppression and fire extinguishers that deplete the ozone layer.
80
What are CFCs?
ChloroFluoroCarbon
81
What are HCFCs?
HydroChloroFluoroCarbon, most ozone harmful
82
What are HFCs?
HydroFluoroCarbon, less ozone harmful
83
What is ODP?
Ozone Depletion Potiential
84
What is GWP?
Global Warming Potential
85
Which is a greater problem? Ozone harm or global warming?
Ozone harm
86
EA Credit 1 - Enhanced Commissioning - Describe credit
Requires additional commissioning activities beyond EA Prerequisite 1:
- Review contractor submittals
- Verify inclusion of systems manual requirements and operator and occupant training requirements in CDs
- Verify systems manual updates and delivery.
- Verify operator and occupant training delivery and effectiveness.
- Verify seasonal testing
- Review building operations 10 months after substantial completion.
- Develop ongoing commissioning plan
87
EA Credit 2 - Optimize Energy Performance - Describe credit
LEED NC, CS, SCHOOLS - perform building energy model. Points are based on a percent reduction in energy cost below ASHRAE 90.1
LEED CI - Requirements for tenant controlled systems
LEED EBOM - Points are based on Energy Star score
88
What is process energy?
Process energy includes the following computers, office equipment, elevators and escalators, kitchen, laundry, plug-in lamps.
89
What is regulated energy?
Refers to base building systems such as chillers, boilers, cooling towers, etc.
90
EA Credit 3 - Advanced Energy Metering - Describe credit
Provide whole building metering and individual metering for individual end uses that represent at least 10% of overall total energy consumption.
91
What is Sytem Level Metering?
Installing sub-meters in a building to measure the separate systems in the building.
92
What is District Energy Systems?
A central plant that provides energy for a group of buildings.
93
EA Credit 4 - Demand Response - Describe credit
Design building and equipment for participation in demand response programs.
94
EA Credit 5 - Renewable Energy Production - Describe credit
Using renewable energy systems to offset building energy costs. Points are awarded based on percentage of building energy cost. Geo-exchange systems do not qualify.
95
EA Credit 6 - Enhanced Refrigerant Management - Describe credit
Option 1 - do not use refrigerants at all
| Option 2 - use refrigerants and HVAC&R that minimize impact on ozone and global warming.
96
EA Credit 7 - Green Power & Carbon Offsets - Describe credit
Purchase green power for 5 years.
97
What are Renewable Energy Certificates (REC)?
Tradable commodities that represent one MWh of green electricity.
98
What does ASHRAE stand for?
American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
99
What year must CFCs be phased out?
2010
100
What year must HCFCs be phased out?
2030 (90% phased out by 2015)
101
MR Prerequisite 1 - Storage and Collection of Recyclables - Describe credit
Projects must have an area dedicated to recycling and take appropriate measures to dispose of batteries, mercury containing lamps and electronic waste.
102
MR Prerequisite 2 - Construction & Demolition Waste Management - Describe credit
Develop and implement a construction and demolition wast management plan that establishes waste diversion goals by identifying at least five materials targeted for diversion and if the materials will be separated or commingled.
103
What is Alternative Daily Cover (ADC)?
Material other than soil placed on the active surface of a landfill. Does not qualify as material diverted from disposal.
104
MR Credit 1 - Building Life-Cycle Impact Reduction - Describe credit
Points awarded for
- Historic building reuse
- Renovation of abandoned or blighted building
- Building and material reuse
- Whole-building life-cycle assessment
105
MR Credit 2 - Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Declaration - Describe credit
Use products that have published Environmental Product Declaration
106
What is Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)?
The "nutrition label" of a product. A verified third party document that reports the LCA of a product.
107
MR Credit 3 - Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing Raw Materials - Describe credit
Option 1 - Use products that have a report from their raw material suppliers which is green.
Option 2 - Use products that have met the responsible extraction requirement for at least 25% of the cost of the building.
108
MR Credit 4 - Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients - Describe credit
Material ingredient reporting - use products use Health Product Declarations or Cradle to Cradle to demonstrate the chemical inventory of a product.
109
MR Credit 5 - Construction and Demolition Waste Management - Describe credit
Option 1 - divert 50% construction waste streamsfor 1 pt. or 75% for 2 pt.
Option 2 - Reduction of total waste material. Do not generate more than 2.5 pounds of construction waster per SF of building area.
110
EQ Prequisite 1 - Minimum Indoor Quality Performance - Describe credit
Meet ASHARE 62.1 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality and monitor air intake. For naturally ventilated, monitor CO2 concentrations.
111
EQ Prerequisite 2 - Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control - Describe credit
Prohibit smoking in the building except in designated smoking areas located 25 feet from all entries, air intakes and operable windows. Residential buildings allow smoking as long as specific requirements are met to reduce contamination with other spaces.
112
EQ Credit 1 - Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies - Describe credit
Option 1 - A. Entryway systems B. Interior Cross-Contamination Prevention C. Filtration D. Natural Ventilation Design Calculations E. Mixed-Mode Design Calculations.
Option 2 - A. Exterior Contamination Prevention through design and computational fluid dynamics B. increase ventilation rates by 30% C. Monitor CO2 in densely occupied spaces 3-6 feet above the floor. D. Additional Source Control and Monitoring - Develop a materials handling plan to reduce the likelihood of contaminant release for riskier areas.
113
EQ Credit 2 - Low-emitting Materials - Describe credit
Controls emission of VOC into the air. Catagories are:
Paints and coatings
Adhesives and sealants
Carpet and flooring systems
Composite wood
Ceiling, walls, thermal insulation and acoustic insulation
Furniture
114
EQ Credit 3 - Construction Indoor Air Management Plan - Describe credit
During construction folow SMACNA (Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning National Contractors Association) which addresses HVAC protection, Source control, scheduling, pathway interruption, housekeeping, and protection of absorptive materials during construction..
115
EQ Credit 4 - Indoor Air Quality Assessment - Describe credit
Option 1 - Flush-out
Path 1 - Before occupancy perform a building flush out with 14,000 CF of outside air per SF
Path 2 - If earlier occupancy is required, perform a min. of 3.500 SF to be occupied. The building should continue to be flushed out at a high rate until it achieves 14,000 CF.
Option 2 - Air testing
Conduct IAQ testing consistent with EPA protocal between 3-6 feet above the floor.
116
EQ 5 - Thermal Comfort - Describe credit
Option 1 - Design HVAC to meet requirements of ASHRAE 55 Thermal Comfort Condition of Human Occupancy
Option 2 - Design HVAC to meet requirements of ISO 7730 Indoor Environmental Input Parameters for Design and Assessment of Energy Performance of Buildings and CEN standard EN 15251 Indoor Environmental Input Parameters for Design and Assessment of Energy Performance of Buildings and provide thermal comfort controls for at least half of the occupant spaces.
117
EQ Credit 6 Interior Lighting - Describe credit
Option 1 - Lighting Control - for at least 90% of occupants provide individual lighting controls that enable occupants to adjust the lighting.
Option 2 - Lighting quality - Use hight quality lighting with CRI 80 or hight, rated 24,000 hours, or indirect lighting
118
EQ Credit 7 - Daylight - Describe credit
Option 1 & 2 - Computer simulation calculations - demonstrate that lighting levels have been achieved
Option 3 - Measurement - achieve specific luminance levels for a percentage of the floor area.
119
EQ Credit 8 - Quality Views - Describe credit
Achieve direct line of sight through windows for 75% of regularly occupied floor area. Views must satisfy at least two of the below:
- Multiple lines of sight to vision glazing in different directions at least 90 degrees apart.
- Views that include flora, fauna, or sky or movement or objects at least 25 feet from the exterior of the glazing
- Unobstructed views located within the distance of 3 times the head height of the vision glazing
- views with a view factor of 3 or greater, as defined in "Windows and Offices: A Study of Office Worker Performance and the Indoor Environment"
120
EQ Credit 9 - Acoustic Performance - Describe credit
Address HVAC background noise, sound transmission, reverberation time, sound reinforcment and masking systems.
121
IN Credit 1 - Innovation - Describe credit
Option 1 - Achieve additional environmental performance using strategy not captured in the LEED rating system.
Option 2 - Achieve one pilot credit
Option 3 - Exemplary Performance - achieving exemplary performance as defined in other credits
122
IN Credit 2 - LEED Accredited Professional - Describe credit
One principal participant must be LEED AP
123
Regional Priority - Describe credit
Regional credits identified by USGBC regional council and chapters. Up to four credits can be earned out of the six.
124
What is ASHRAE 90.1?
Energy and Lighting
125
What is ASHRAE 62.1?
Ventilation
126
What is ASHRAE 55
Thermal comfort
127
What is ASHRAE 52.2?
MERV (Minimum Efficiency Rating Value) filtration / air particles
128
What is ASHRAE 189.1?
A new comprehensive standard for high performance green buildings.
129
What is SMACNA?
Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association
130
What is GreenSeal?
Certification for VOCs in paints, adhesives, and sealants
131
What is Green Label Plus Program?
Certification for low VOC carpets
132
What is GreenGuard?
Standard for low VOC furniture
133
What is Energy Policy Act of 1992 & International Plumbing Code?
Set standards for flush and flow fixture performance for indoor water fixtures.
134
What is IESNA?
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America - governs lighting levels and lighting energy usage
135
What is Green-e?
Certifies Green Power including Renewable Energy Certificates (REC)
136
What is SCAQMD?
South Coast Air Quality Management District - relates to VOC in adhesives and sealants and certain paints
137
What is Fair-trade Labeling Organizations International (FLO)?
Certifies fair trade products
138
What is Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)?
Certifies sustainably managed forests
139
What is California Air Resources Board (CARB)?
Governs zero emission vehicles
140
What is ACEEE?
Sets millage standards (minimum score of 45 for low emissions vehicles)
141
What percentage of the earth water is fresh water?
3%
142
According to the US Geological Survey, Buildings contribute to what percentage of the world's annual water usage?
14% (13.6%)
143
According to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the average payback for retrocommissioning and commisioning is?
1 (1.1) years and 4 (4.2) years respectively
144
Building account for what percentage of total energy and electricity?
40% of energy and 72% of electricity
145
Construction and demolition waste constitutes what percentage of solid waste steam in US?
40%
146
What are bioswales?
Landscaped elements design to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water.
147
What is demand side management?
The planning and monitoring of utility activities design to encourage consumers to modify patterns of electricity usage
148
What is considered Densely Occupied Space?
At least 25 people per 1,000 SF (40 SF per person).
149
What is Eutrophication?
The process whereby water bodies receive excess nutrients that simulate algae growth.
150
What is gap analysis?
The comparison of actual performance with potential or desired performance.
151
What is leverage point?
The element in the system that has the largest effect on the whole system.
152
What is MERV?
Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value - a rating from 1 (low efficiency) to 16 (high efficiency) for air filters.
153
What is mixed-mode system?
A hybrid natural and mechanical ventilation system for space conditioning.
154
What is phosphorous?
A component in fertilizers and waste that can cause algal blooms.
155
What is a rain garden?
A vegetated landscaped depression designed to collect and filter runoff and reduce peak discharge
156
What is Solar Reflectance (Albedo)?
A surface's ability to reflect sunlight from 0 to 1.
157
What is Solar Reflectance Index (SRI)?
A surface material's ability to reject solar heat (between 0 to 100) It's a combination of reflectance and emittance.
158
What is WaterSense?
An US EPA program designed to encourage water efficiency through the use of a special label on consumer products. It covers:
Toilets, faucets, urinals, homes, shower heads, and irrigation professionals.
