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Physics Exam > Part 1 > Flashcards

Part 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

How can temperature be measured

A

Thermometer

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1
Q

What is the difference between heat and temperature

A

Heat - a form of energy which can raise the temperature of an object

Temperature - tells us how hot or cold something is based on the average kinetic (moving) energy of particles

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2
Q

How does heat energy increase temperature

A

When an object absorbs hear energy it’s particles begin to money faster causing it to get hotter

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3
Q

How is heat energy transferred

A

When a hot object is in contact with a cold object, heat flows from hot to cold until both objects are the same temperature

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4
Q

What are the 3 processes of heat transfer

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

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5
Q

What’s conduction

A

When heat energy is transferred from particle to particle by vibration

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6
Q

What are conductors

A

Materials that allow heat to flow through it

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7
Q

What’s an example of a conductor

A

Metal

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8
Q

What are insulators

A

Materials that do not conduct hear or are very poor conductors of heat

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9
Q

What are some examples of insulators

A 
Plastic 
Air
Cloth
Wood
Rubber
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10
Q

What’s convection

A

When a liquid or gas is heated the particles which are warmer gain energy and rise above the cooler particles creating a current

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11
Q

What’s radiation

A

The movement of heat energy without particles in the form of waves. Heat radiation can move through an empty space (vacuum) or through matter which is transparent

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12
Q

How does radiation transmit heat and what speed does it travel at

A

Transmit heat as invisible waves

Speed of light (around 300,000km per second)

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13
Q

What does infra red radiation do

A

Transmits heat through invisible waves from objects

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14
Q

True or false

The hotter something is, the more heat it radiates

A

True

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15
Q

True or false

Dark colours reflect radiation heat

A

False

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16
Q

True or false

Light colours absorb radiated heat

A

False

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17
Q

T or f

Clear materials transmit radiated heat

A

True

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18
Q

What’s an example of a non luminous object

A

Venus

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19
Q

Example of a luminous object

A

Sun, traffic lights, stars

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20
Q

Example of incandescent object

A

Wire heating up in a light bulb

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21
Q

Example of bioluminescent

A

Fireflies and jellyfish

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22
Q

Example of a surface that produces diffuse reflection

A

Book and backpack

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23
Q

Example of a surface that produces regular reflection

A

Water and mirror

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24
Q

What is luminous

A

An object that is capable of producing light

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25
Q

What’s transparent

A

Almost all light is transmitted through the substance. The clear image can be seen through it

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26
Q

What’s translucent

A

Some light may be reflected and light that passes through is scattered. An image seen through a substance is fuzzy

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27
Q

What’s opaque

A

Light is absorbed into the surface and reflected from the surface. No image can be seen

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28
Q

Images in plane mirrors

Fill in: the image is always ________

A

Upright

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29
Q

Images in plane mirrors

Fill in: the image is the _______ size as the object

A

Same

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30
Q

Images in plane mirrors

Fill in: the image and object appear to be ______ distance from the mirror

A

Equal

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31
Q

Images in plane mirrors

Fill in: the image is _________ inverted

A

Laterally

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32
Q

Images in plane mirrors

Fill in: the image is _________ or _________

A

Virtual, imaginary

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33
Q

What’s a virtual image

A

a type of image formed in which the rays of light do not actually meet but only appear to meet at a point inside the mirror

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34
Q

What’s a laterally inversion

A

The sideways or left to right reversal of an image in a plane mirror

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35
Q

What’s refraction

A

The bending of light as it enters or leaved different substances

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36
Q

What’s the angle of incidence

A

The angle that an incoming ray of light makes with the normal

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37
Q

What’s the angle of refraction

A

The angle that the reflected ray makes with the normal

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38
Q

Why does refraction occur

A

Light travels at different speeds though different substances

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39
Q

What bioluminescent

A

The production of light in a living organism

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40
Q

What is incandescent

A

The production of light as a result of being heated (red or white hot)

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41
Q

How does Light travel

A

Travels in a wave called an electromagnetic wave

Light travels in a straight line

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42
Q

What is diffuse reflection

A

Reflection of light in many directions from an uneven surface, no images formed

43
Q

What’s the law of reflection

A

Light is reflected at the same angle that it is incident (incoming ray)

Angle of incidents = angle of reflection

I = R

44
Q

What’s the normal

A

An imaginary line at the right angle to the surface that light is touching

45
Q

What does LMT stand for and explain

A

Less, more, toward

Less dense to more dense —– bends towards the normal

46
Q

What does MLA stand for and explain

A

More, less, away

More dense to less dense —– bends away from the normal

47
Q

What’s a critical angle

A

The angle of the incident ray that produces an angle of refraction of 90 degrees

48
Q

What’s total internal reflection

A

When light is completely reflected inside the substance. it occurs when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle

49
Q

What is electricity

A

Electricity is a form of energy released from electrons that can be transformed into other forms such as heat, light and sound

50
Q

What is static electricity

A

The buildup of an electric charge on a surface due to surfaces rubbing together

51
Q

What happens when electrons rub off one surface and join another

A

Cause the atoms to become charged

52
Q

What happens when a surface has lost electrons

A

Becomes positively charged

53
Q

What happens when a surface has gained extra electrons

A

Becomes negatively charged

54
Q

True or false

Like charges repel each other

A

True

55
Q

True or false

Charged do not attract Uncharged

A

False

56
Q

Why is it called static electricity

A

Because the charges build up in an area and do not flow

57
Q

What is current electricity

A

Movement of electrons through a metal wire

58
Q

What is the unit and symbol for current

A

Amps

A

59
Q

What is the unit and symbol for voltage

A

Volts

V

60
Q

What’s the unit and symbol for resistance

A

Ohms ♎️

61
Q

What are the two types of circuits

A

Series and parallel

62
Q

What is a fuse

A

A wire of higher resistance and low melting point; it will melt if too much current flows through it

63
Q

What is a circuit breaker

A

A switch that turns off a circuit if too much current flows through it

64
Q

What is a safety switch

A

A device that turns all household circuits off if it detects a leak in a current

65
Q

What is the definition of a current

A

It is the rate at which an electric charge flows past a point in a circuit

in other words current is the rate of flow of electric charge

66
Q

What is voltage

A

It is the electrical force that would drive an electric current between two points

67
Q

Explain current in a series circuit

A

Current is the same through all components connected in a series. the current has anyone path to take

68
Q

Explain voltage in a series circuit

A

It gets distributed across components connected in a series. voltage is shared by the components

69
Q

Explain a current in a parallel circuit

A

It is distributed across components in parallel. the current breaks up and follows each parallel branch

70
Q

Explain voltage in a parallel circuit

A

Voltages are the same across all components connected in parallel

71
Q

What is accommodation

A

The ability of the eye to adjust its focal length is known as accommodation

72
Q

What is myopia

A

Nearsightedness, can’t see distant objects

73
Q

What is hyperopia

A

Farsightedness, can’t see close objects

74
Q

True or false

A lens refracts light

A

True

75
Q

What are the two types of lenses

A

Convex and concave

76
Q

What is a convex lens

A

They cause light rays to come together or converge

77
Q

Does a convex lens produce a real or vertical image

A

Real

78
Q

True or false

Each human eye has 5 convex lenses

A

False only 1

79
Q

What does a concave lens do

A

Spread out or diverged

80
Q

Does a concave lens produce a real or vertical image

A

Virtual

81
Q

What’s another word for larger

A

Enlarge

82
Q

What’s an other Word for smaller

A

Diminished

83
Q

What’s another word for upside down

A

Inverted

84
Q

What’s the blind spot

A

A spot on the retina where the optic nerve enters the eye. can not see it

85
Q

What’s the aqueous humour

A

Lies between the cornea and the lens. It is the clear, watery fluid produced by the ciliary body to lubricate the lens and cornea

86
Q

What’s the pupil

A

A hold in the iris. It lets light into to eye. If appears black because the inside of the eye is black

87
Q

Lens

A

A flexible structure that enables light to be focused on the retina

88
Q

Sclera

A

The white in your eye. It provides some protection to the eye

89
Q

Retina

A

Contains the millions of cells at the back of the eye which absorb light rays and turn them into electrical signals

90
Q

Fovea

A

Responsible for sharp central vision

91
Q

Cornea

A

Beans light into the lens. Lies in front of the iris. It Is clear

92
Q

Optic nerve

A

Carries the electric signals from the retina to the brain

93
Q

Vitreous humour

A

Clear fluid between the lens and retina

94
Q

Iris

A

Colored part if the eye. Muscles inside the iris control the amount of light which can enter the eye by changing the size of the pupil

95
Q

Ciliary muscles

A

Muscle around the lend which contracts and relaxes to make the lens wider and flatter

96
Q

Conjunctiva

A

A membrane that covers the sclera

97
Q

Current

A

Flow of electrons

98
Q

How do you measure current

A

Ammeter

99
Q

Voltage

A

Measure of how much push the battery can give to the electrons in a circuit

100
Q

How is voltage measured

A

Voltmeter

101
Q

Resistance

A

Measure of how difficult it is for electrons to move through a material

102
Q

What does it mean when something is at high resistance

A

Electrons find it hard to pass though a material (insulator)

103
Q

What does it mean when something is at low resistance

A

Electrons find it easy to pass through a material (conductor)

104
Q

True or false

As resistance increases more energy and voltage is gained

A

False - more energy and voltage is lost

105
Q

T or f

As resistance increases current decreases

A

T

Physics Exam (1 decks)

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