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Part 1 Flashcards

0
Q

How can temperature be measured

A

Thermometer

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1
Q

What is the difference between heat and temperature

A

Heat - a form of energy which can raise the temperature of an object

Temperature - tells us how hot or cold something is based on the average kinetic (moving) energy of particles

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2
Q

How does heat energy increase temperature

A

When an object absorbs hear energy it’s particles begin to money faster causing it to get hotter

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3
Q

How is heat energy transferred

A

When a hot object is in contact with a cold object, heat flows from hot to cold until both objects are the same temperature

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4
Q

What are the 3 processes of heat transfer

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

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5
Q

What’s conduction

A

When heat energy is transferred from particle to particle by vibration

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6
Q

What are conductors

A

Materials that allow heat to flow through it

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7
Q

What’s an example of a conductor

A

Metal

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8
Q

What are insulators

A

Materials that do not conduct hear or are very poor conductors of heat

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9
Q

What are some examples of insulators

A 
Plastic 
Air
Cloth
Wood
Rubber
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10
Q

What’s convection

A

When a liquid or gas is heated the particles which are warmer gain energy and rise above the cooler particles creating a current

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11
Q

What’s radiation

A

The movement of heat energy without particles in the form of waves. Heat radiation can move through an empty space (vacuum) or through matter which is transparent

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12
Q

How does radiation transmit heat and what speed does it travel at

A

Transmit heat as invisible waves

Speed of light (around 300,000km per second)

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13
Q

What does infra red radiation do

A

Transmits heat through invisible waves from objects

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14
Q

True or false

The hotter something is, the more heat it radiates

A

True

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15
Q

True or false

Dark colours reflect radiation heat

A

False

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16
Q

True or false

Light colours absorb radiated heat

A

False

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17
Q

T or f

Clear materials transmit radiated heat

A

True

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18
Q

What’s an example of a non luminous object

A

Venus

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19
Q

Example of a luminous object

A

Sun, traffic lights, stars

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20
Q

Example of incandescent object

A

Wire heating up in a light bulb

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21
Q

Example of bioluminescent

A

Fireflies and jellyfish

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22
Q

Example of a surface that produces diffuse reflection

A

Book and backpack

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23
Q

Example of a surface that produces regular reflection

A

Water and mirror

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24
What is luminous
An object that is capable of producing light
25
What's transparent
Almost all light is transmitted through the substance. The clear image can be seen through it
26
What's translucent
Some light may be reflected and light that passes through is scattered. An image seen through a substance is fuzzy
27
What's opaque
Light is absorbed into the surface and reflected from the surface. No image can be seen
28
Images in plane mirrors Fill in: the image is always ________
Upright
29
Images in plane mirrors Fill in: the image is the _______ size as the object
Same
30
Images in plane mirrors Fill in: the image and object appear to be ______ distance from the mirror
Equal
31
Images in plane mirrors Fill in: the image is _________ inverted
Laterally
32
Images in plane mirrors Fill in: the image is _________ or _________
Virtual, imaginary
33
What's a virtual image
a type of image formed in which the rays of light do not actually meet but only appear to meet at a point inside the mirror
34
What's a laterally inversion
The sideways or left to right reversal of an image in a plane mirror
35
What's refraction
The bending of light as it enters or leaved different substances
36
What's the angle of incidence
The angle that an incoming ray of light makes with the normal
37
What's the angle of refraction
The angle that the reflected ray makes with the normal
38
Why does refraction occur
Light travels at different speeds though different substances
39
What bioluminescent
The production of light in a living organism
40
What is incandescent
The production of light as a result of being heated (red or white hot)
41
How does Light travel
Travels in a wave called an electromagnetic wave | Light travels in a straight line
42
What is diffuse reflection
Reflection of light in many directions from an uneven surface, no images formed
43
What's the law of reflection
Light is reflected at the same angle that it is incident (incoming ray) Angle of incidents = angle of reflection I = R
44
What's the normal
An imaginary line at the right angle to the surface that light is touching
45
What does LMT stand for and explain
Less, more, toward Less dense to more dense ----- bends towards the normal
46
What does MLA stand for and explain
More, less, away More dense to less dense ----- bends away from the normal
47
What's a critical angle
The angle of the incident ray that produces an angle of refraction of 90 degrees
48
What's total internal reflection
When light is completely reflected inside the substance. it occurs when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle
49
What is electricity
Electricity is a form of energy released from electrons that can be transformed into other forms such as heat, light and sound
50
What is static electricity
The buildup of an electric charge on a surface due to surfaces rubbing together
51
What happens when electrons rub off one surface and join another
Cause the atoms to become charged
52
What happens when a surface has lost electrons
Becomes positively charged
53
What happens when a surface has gained extra electrons
Becomes negatively charged
54
True or false Like charges repel each other
True
55
True or false Charged do not attract Uncharged
False
56
Why is it called static electricity
Because the charges build up in an area and do not flow
57
What is current electricity
Movement of electrons through a metal wire
58
What is the unit and symbol for current
Amps | A
59
What is the unit and symbol for voltage
Volts V
60
What's the unit and symbol for resistance
Ohms ♎️
61
What are the two types of circuits
Series and parallel
62
What is a fuse
A wire of higher resistance and low melting point; it will melt if too much current flows through it
63
What is a circuit breaker
A switch that turns off a circuit if too much current flows through it
64
What is a safety switch
A device that turns all household circuits off if it detects a leak in a current
65
What is the definition of a current
It is the rate at which an electric charge flows past a point in a circuit in other words current is the rate of flow of electric charge
66
What is voltage
It is the electrical force that would drive an electric current between two points
67
Explain current in a series circuit
Current is the same through all components connected in a series. the current has anyone path to take
68
Explain voltage in a series circuit
It gets distributed across components connected in a series. voltage is shared by the components
69
Explain a current in a parallel circuit
It is distributed across components in parallel. the current breaks up and follows each parallel branch
70
Explain voltage in a parallel circuit
Voltages are the same across all components connected in parallel
71
What is accommodation
The ability of the eye to adjust its focal length is known as accommodation
72
What is myopia
Nearsightedness, can't see distant objects
73
What is hyperopia
Farsightedness, can't see close objects
74
True or false A lens refracts light
True
75
What are the two types of lenses
Convex and concave
76
What is a convex lens
They cause light rays to come together or converge
77
Does a convex lens produce a real or vertical image
Real
78
True or false Each human eye has 5 convex lenses
False only 1
79
What does a concave lens do
Spread out or diverged
80
Does a concave lens produce a real or vertical image
Virtual
81
What's another word for larger
Enlarge
82
What's an other Word for smaller
Diminished
83
What's another word for upside down
Inverted
84
What's the blind spot
A spot on the retina where the optic nerve enters the eye. can not see it
85
What's the aqueous humour
Lies between the cornea and the lens. It is the clear, watery fluid produced by the ciliary body to lubricate the lens and cornea
86
What's the pupil
A hold in the iris. It lets light into to eye. If appears black because the inside of the eye is black
87
Lens
A flexible structure that enables light to be focused on the retina
88
Sclera
The white in your eye. It provides some protection to the eye
89
Retina
Contains the millions of cells at the back of the eye which absorb light rays and turn them into electrical signals
90
Fovea
Responsible for sharp central vision
91
Cornea
Beans light into the lens. Lies in front of the iris. It Is clear
92
Optic nerve
Carries the electric signals from the retina to the brain
93
Vitreous humour
Clear fluid between the lens and retina
94
Iris
Colored part if the eye. Muscles inside the iris control the amount of light which can enter the eye by changing the size of the pupil
95
Ciliary muscles
Muscle around the lend which contracts and relaxes to make the lens wider and flatter
96
Conjunctiva
A membrane that covers the sclera
97
Current
Flow of electrons
98
How do you measure current
Ammeter
99
Voltage
Measure of how much push the battery can give to the electrons in a circuit
100
How is voltage measured
Voltmeter
101
Resistance
Measure of how difficult it is for electrons to move through a material
102
What does it mean when something is at high resistance
Electrons find it hard to pass though a material (insulator)
103
What does it mean when something is at low resistance
Electrons find it easy to pass through a material (conductor)
104
True or false As resistance increases more energy and voltage is gained
False - more energy and voltage is lost
105
T or f As resistance increases current decreases
T

Physics Exam (1 decks)

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