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Ultrasound Prelim > PART 1 & 2 > Flashcards

PART 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the meaning of the Greek word “graphien”

A

to write

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2
Q

They were the first to describe the

relationship between pitch and frequency

A

Greeks

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3
Q

True or False

Curvilinear uses 7.5 mHz while linear probe uses 3.5 mHz

A

FALSE
Curvilinear 3.5 mHz
Linear 7.5 mHz

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4
Q

What is Sonometer?

A

Sonometer is an instrument used to study musical sounds

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5
Q

What are the other terms of SONOGRAPHY?

A

Other terms:
Diagnostic Ultrasound
Diagnostic Medical Sonography

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6
Q

What is the latin word of sound?

A

Sonus

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7
Q

He forms theory of wave diffraction

A

Agustin Fresnel (1794)

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8
Q

First material to exhibit piezoelectricity

A

Potassium Sodium Tartrate Tetrahydrate

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9
Q

It is the deviation of a wave from

its straight ray propagation

A

Diffraction

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10
Q

Physiologist who researches echolocation in animal bats. According to this theory, bats were listening to something (something a natural human could not hear) Ultrasound physics is founded on this principle.

A

Lazaro Spallanzani

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11
Q

Discovered that sounds travel in waves and
the angle of reflection = to the angle
of incidence

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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12
Q

Physicist, studies sound frequency and
intensity and discovers a wav to use
property of echoing to detect underwater
objects

A

Paul Langevin

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13
Q

They observe phenomenon or piezoelectricity.

A

Jacques and Pierre Curie

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14
Q

Writes his theory of sound, he examined
questions or vibrations and the resonance of
elastic solids and gases.

A

Lord Rayleigh

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15
Q

Greek philosopher who invented the

Sonometer

A

Pythagoras

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16
Q

A name given to high frequency sound

waves.

A

Ultrasound

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17
Q

What is the meaning of SONAR?

A

SONAR - Sound Navigation and Ranging

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18
Q

What is the first transducer?

As per World Congress Ultrasound in Medical Education

A

Hydrophone

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19
Q

Neurologist, who first to use sonography for medical diagnoses.

A

Dr. Karl Dussik

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20
Q

What is the initial Problem of ultrasound in 1950’s?

A

Air Interference

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21
Q

Who developed 3D ultrasound technology and captured three-dimensional images of a fetus?

A

Kazunori Baba

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22
Q

What is the shorthand method of representing very large or very small numbers by alphabetical prefixes?

A

Metric Notation

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23
Q

What us the shorthand method of representing very large or very small numbers by powers of ten?

A

Scientific Notation

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24
Q

Medical imaging that uses non ionizing, high frequency sound waves to generate image of a particular structure.

A

Sonography

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25
Q

Form of energy which causes a mechanical disturbance in the form of mechanical wave that travels in a medium in a LONGITUDINAL WAVE and STRAIGHT LINE FASHION

A

Sound

26
Q

A classification of sound waves that can travel through a vacuum such as xray.

A

Electromagnetic waves

27
Q

Type of waves that is perpendicular to the direction of wave.

A

Transverse wave

28
Q

Refers to the relationship of one wave to another

A

PHASE

29
Q

Describes the position within a cycle of oscillation and is measured in degrees.

A

PHASE

30
Q

Ultrasound waves whose wavefronts are out of

position

A

Out of phase

31
Q

Ultrasound waves whose wavefronts are the same position

A

In Phase

32
Q

The combination of two waves which are in
phase at a specific time and location, with the crest of one wave coinciding with the crest of the other wave, resulting in doubling of the net amplitude (antinodes)

A

CONSTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE

33
Q

The combination of two waves which are out of
phase at a specific time and location, with the crest of one wave coinciding with the trough of the other wave, resulting in zero net amplitude (node)

A

DESTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE

34
Q

Regions of LOW pressure and density

A

Rarefractions

35
Q

Regions of HIGH pressure and density

A

Compressions

36
Q

_________ is a traveling variation of pressure and density.

A

Sound

37
Q

What are the 2 types of waves?

A

Transverse and Longitudinal

38
Q

What is the relationship of Period & Frequency?

A

Inversely Proportional

39
Q

Defined by the difference between the peak (maximum) or trough (minimum) of the wave and the average value

A

Amplitude

40
Q

What is the unit of Amplitude?

A

Pascals or MPa

41
Q

Points of zero amplitude

A

Nodes

42
Q

Points of maximum amplitude

A

Antidnodes

43
Q

It appears to stand still, vibrating in place and always consist of an alternating pattern of nodes and antinodes.

A

Wave

44
Q

The number of cycles that occurs in one second.

A

Frequency

45
Q

What is the relationship of Pulse Repetition Period & Pulse Repetition Frequency?

A

Inversely Proportional

46
Q

Length of space that a pulse takes up.

A

Spatial Pulse Length

47
Q

Time from the beginning of one pulse to the next.

A

PRP

48
Q

no. of pulses occurring in 1 second.

A

PRF

49
Q

time it takes for one pulse to

occur.

A

Pulse Duration

50
Q

What is the relationship of Pulse Duration & Frequency?

A

Inversely Proportional

PD increases if the frequency is decreased.

51
Q

What is the formula to get the velocity?

A

Velocity = Frequency x Wavelength

o C=𝐟𝞴

52
Q

Speed at which sound moves through a medium

A

Propagation Speed

53
Q

Indicates the fractional decreased in volume when pressure is applied to material

A

Compressibility

54
Q

Refers to the ability of an object to return to its

original shape and volume after force is no longer acting on it.

A

Elasticity/Stiffness of obeject

55
Q

What is Density?

A

Mass per unit volume

56
Q

Reciprocal of compressibility

A

Bulk Modulus / Hardness

57
Q

resistance of the material to compression or hardness

A

Stiffness

58
Q

Is the rate of energy transferred through the sound wave.

A

Power

59
Q

What is the unit of Power?

A

Watts

60
Q

proportional to the amplitude squared of a sound wave

A

Power

P=𝐀𝟐

Ultrasound Prelim (2 decks)

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