Part 1 Flashcards
The injection is made into the upper layers of the skin almost parallel to the skin surface
Used mostly in testing for allergic reactions and for giving small amounts of a local anesthetic.
Best made with a fine, short needle (26 or 27 gauge) and a small-barrel syringe, such as a tuberculin syringe.
Intradermal Method
Beneath the layers of skin, yet above the muscle
25 gauge (or thinner) needle and syringe
Subcutaneous Method
Larger doses can be given by IM injection (up to 5 ml) than by SC injection.
intramuscular method
The proper site for this injection is outlined by an imaginary diagonal line drawn from the area of the greater trochanter of the femur to the posterior iliac spine.
The injection should be given at any point between that imaginary. straight line and below the curve of the iliac crest.
DORSOGLUTEAL SITE
Used for IM injections in either children or adults and could be used more often.
The injection should be made into the center of the V formed between the index and middle fingers.
VENTROGLUTEAL SITE
Muscular area in the arm formed by the rectangle bounded on the top by the edge of the shoulder and on the bottom by the beginning of the axilla
Has a higher blood flow than the other IM injection sites
MID-DELTOID
Muscular area in the upper outer leg can accommodate volumes medication the same size as of the gluteus medius and is distant from any major blood vessels or nerves.
More painful than in the buttocks
VASTUS LATERALIS
Direct injection into a vein.
Intravenous method
INTRAVENOUS INJECTION SITES
- Basilic or cephalic veins on the back of the hand
- Basilic vein on the medial, anterior forearm and elbow.
- Cephalic vein on the lateral, anterior forearm and elbow
Most Common IV needle used by imaging technologists for the introduction of contrast.
These needles vary from 14 to 1/4 inches in length and 18 to 27 gauge in diameter.
WINGED-TIP OR BUTTERFLY SET
Medical imaging technologists may often come in contact with patients who have endotracheal tubes, central venous lines, or pulmonary arterial lines.
A general understanding of the actual placement of these devices and their use is important.
CHEST TUBES & LINES
• Used primarily to assist the patient through a number of respiratory problems.
• The inhaled air must be adequately humidified because the normal humidifying function of the upper respiratory tract is bypassed.
ENDOTRACHEAL TUBES (INTUBATION)
Also known as central venous catheters and venous access devices
Inserted into a large vein to administer drugs, manage fluid volume, transfuse and analyze blood, and monitor pressures within the heart.
CENTRAL VENOUS LINES
CENTRAL VENOUS LINES
(INTRAVENOUS EQUIPMENT)
- SUBCLAVIAN VEIN
- INTERNAL JUGULAR
- FEMORAL VEINS
“Swan-Ganz catheters”
• Specialized CV lines that incorporate a small electrode at the distal end used to monitor pulmonary arterial pressures
• Estimate left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
PULMONARY ARTERIAL LINES
May cause a patient to experience an unpleasant state of tension forewarning danger.
ANXIETY
General feeling of impending doom even though the danger is not real.
PANIC DISORDER
Psychological Condition that consists of irrational fear leading to avoidance.
• ________the fear of tight and enclosed spaces, is one example of such phobia.
PHOBIA
Claustrophobia
The physical conditions were such that the patient was unable to see outside the tube or to move while in the tube. Equally distressing was the unbearable noise of “metal being crunched.”
PHYSICAL CONDITIONS OF THE MRI
Resulted from the fear of what the MRI might show.
EMOTIONAL TURMOIL
• A drug-induced relaxation allowing the patient to tolerate unpleasant procedures.
• The patient remains conscious, but sedated, and in some cases amnestic (loss of memory) at the time of the procedure.
CONSCIOUS SEDATION
AGENTS USED FOR CONSCIOUS SEDATION
- barbiturate
- benzodiazepine
- opiate analgesic classes of drugs
BARBITURATES
INCLUDED MEDICATIONS:
• THIOPENTAL
• METHOHEXITAL
• PHENOBARBITAL
• Used mostly in the surgical suite to induce full anesthesia.
• Used rectally for pediatric conscious sedation before MRI studies.
• Given through a female-type urinary catheter inserted rectally.
THIOPENTAL
