Part 1 Flashcards
What are the three cell components we go over?
Cell membrane, cytoplasmic organelles, Nucleus
What is inside of cells?
Water, nucleus, and organelles.
What is the water inside of cells called?
Cytoplasm
What is outside of cells?
Also water!
What inside the cell might change from cell to cell? Why?
The size of the cells nucleus and the number of organelles. Differs depending on how active the cell must be. Depends on the job it has to do.
Give an example of what a certain cell might need more or less of.
Ex: A muscle cell needs more mitochondria than other kinds of cells due to having to do more work.
What are the four main functions of a cell membrane?
Physical Isolation,
Regulation of exchange in cell’s environment,
Communication between cell and its environment,
Structural support
Describe the key cell membrane function of physical isolation.
Keeps whats inside inside and selectively allows things in and out.
Describe the key cell membrane function of regulating exchange in the cells environment.
Helps keep intracellular environment the way its meant to be. Keeps sugar, ions, and water, ect. at the proper level.
Describe the key cell membrane function of communicating between cell and its environment
Sends messages to other cells or outside of the cell to the body. Extracellular communication.
Describe the key cell membrane function of structural support? Examples?
Cell membranes can be different shapes and they need to hold them. A cell needs to maintain its correct shape to maintain its structure.
Ex: A skin cell verses the shape of a neuron.
What are proteins made up of? q
Polypeptides?
WHat are polypeptides made up of?
Peptides
What are peptides made up of?
Amino Acids
What is the main component of cell membranes?
Phospholipids
What is the cell membrane model called?
The fluid mosaic model
Describe the fluid mosaic model
Phospholipids arranged in a bilayer with the tails facing each other and the heads facing towards the outside of the cell and the inside of the cell.
Which part of the phospholidids is polar? What does this mean?
The heads are polar. This means that they are hydrophilic
What does hydrophilic mean?
It likes and can interact with water.
Which part of the phospholipids are non-polar? What does this mean?
The tails are nonpolar. This means they are hydrophobicW
WHat does hydrophobic mean?
They do not like or interact well with water.
Redescribe the fluid mosaic model with the idea of polarity?
Two layers of phospholipids arranged with their polar hydrophilic heads facing out protein layer and the non-polar hydrophobic tails facing each other.
What is another name for the layers of phospholipids? Describe
Leaflets! There is the inner leaflet (the phospholipid layer on the inside of the cell) and the outer leaflet (The phospholipid layer that touches the outside of the cell)
What is the inner leaflet also called?
The intracellular membrane
What is the outer leaflet called?
Extracellular membrane.
What do we call the water on the outside of the cell? Whats the abbreviation?
Extra Cellular fluid. ECF
What do we also call the cytoplasm on the inside of the cell? Abbreviation?
Inter cellular fluid. ICF.
What is also involved in the cell membrane?
Cholesterol!
What is cholesterol also called?
Lipid rafts
What is cholesterol?
Building block for all fat.
Is cholesterol good or bad??
It is good and needed but you don’t want excess.
Describe the cholesterol involved in the cell membrane. Where is it? Whats it like?
Studded inside the membrane. Different than cholesterol in your blood.
What is the point of the cholesterol in the cell membrane?
Helps for movement in the cell membrane.
What other structures are involved in the cellular membrane?
Integral Proteins.
What three ways can integral proteins be? Location.
Can be embedded in three different ways.
Could be embedded in the extracellular membrane.
Could be embedded in the intracellular membrane
Or could span across the entire cellular membrane.
What is the integral protein that spans across the entire membrane called?
Transmembrane integral protein.
