Part 1

Question 1

Synapse

Answer 1

Link between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron

Question 2

What is the synapse also known as

Answer 2

The Synaptic link or Synaptic Gap

Question 3

Neurotransmitters

Answer 3

Chemicals used to send a signal across the synaptic gap

Question 4

Important neurotransmitters

Answer 4

Serotonin and Dopamine

Question 5

Function of serotonin

Answer 5

Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal

Question 6

Problems caused by imbalances in serotonin

Answer 6

Undersupply linked to depression, some antidepressant drugs raise serotonin levels

Question 7

Function of dopamine

Answer 7

Influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion

Question 8

Problems caused by imbalances in dopamine

Answer 8

Oversupply linked to schizophrenia, undersupply linked to tremors and decreased mobility in Parkinson’s disease and ADHD

Question 9

What does the central nervous system (CNS) consist of

Answer 9

Brain and spinal cord

Question 10

Role of CNS

Answer 10

Makes decisions for the body

Question 11

What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of

Answer 11

The rest of the nervous system

Question 12

Role of PNS

Answer 12

Gathers and sends information to and from the rest of the body

Question 13

Role of sympathetic NS

Answer 13

arouses(fight-or-flight)

Question 14

Role of parasympathetic NS

Answer 14

calms(rest and digest)

Question 15

Endocrine

Answer 15

Set of glands that produce chemical messengers called hormones

Question 16

What does the endocrine system do

Answer 16

Sends molecules as messages and sends them through the bloodstream just like the nervous system

Question 17

What does the nervous system do

Answer 17

Sends molecules as messages and sends them across synapses

Question 18

Where are hormones produced in the body

Answer 18

In various glands around the body

Question 19

Where do the messages from the endocrine go to

Answer 19

The brain and other tissues

Question 20

What does the adrenal gland produce

Answer 20

Hormones such as adrenaline, epinephrine, noradrenaline, norepinephrine and cortisol

Question 21

How does the sympathetic nervous system respond to stress

Answer 21

By sending a message to adrenal glands to release the hormones

Question 22

Effect of the sympathetic NS responding to stress

Answer 22

Increased heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar. These provide energy for the fight or flight response

Question 23

The pituitary gland

Answer 23

The master gland of the endocrine system

Question 24

What controls the pituitary gland

Answer 24

Through the nervous system by the nearby brain area called the hypothalamus

Question 25

What does the pituitary gland produce

Answer 25

Hormones that regulate other glands such as the thyroid, growth hormones like oxytocin, the bonding hormone (romantic attachment or parent-infant bonding)

Question 26

Role of thyroid

Answer 26

Controls how much energy your cells use(metabolism)